April 2025
Intermediate to advanced
268 pages
6h 17m
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil)
Content preview from Algoritmos de grafos
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Capítulo 2. Teoria e conceitos de grafos
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Neste capítulo, definimos o enquadramento e abordamos a terminologia dos algoritmos de grafos. São explicados os conceitos básicos da teoria dos grafos, com destaque para os conceitos mais relevantes para um profissional.
Descreveremos como os gráficos são representados e, em seguida, explicaremos os diferentes tipos de gráficos e seus atributos. Isso será importante mais tarde, pois as caraterísticas do nosso grafo informarão nossas escolhas de algoritmos e nos ajudarão a interpretar os resultados. Terminaremos o capítulo com uma visão geral dos tipos de algoritmos de grafos detalhados neste livro.
Terminologia
O gráfico de propriedades rotuladas é uma das formas mais populares de modelar dados gráficos.
Um rótulo marca um nó como parte de um grupo. Na Figura 2-1, temos dois grupos de nós: Person e Car. (Embora na teoria clássica dos grafos um rótulo se aplique a um único nó, agora é comumente usado para significar um grupo de nós). As relações são classificadas com base no tipo de relação. Nosso exemplo inclui os tipos de relação DRIVES, OWNS, LIVES_WITH, e MARRIED_TO.
As propriedades são sinónimos de atributos e podem conter uma variedade de tipos de dados, desde números e cadeias de caracteres a dados espaciais e temporais. Na Figura 2-1, atribuímos as propriedades como pares nome-valor, em que o nome da propriedade ...
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