The Arduino Programming Language
The first sketches you’ll write for an Arduino might seem to be written in a special Arduino language, but they aren’t. To program the Arduino, you usually use plain old C/C++. Unfortunately, the Arduino doesn’t understand C or C++ code, so you have to compile the code on your PC or Mac into machine code suitable for the Arduino’s microcontroller. This process is called cross-compiling, and it’s the usual way of creating executable software for microcontrollers. You edit and compile the software on your PC, and then you transfer the machine code to the microcontroller.
In case of the Arduino, these microcontrollers are often part of the AVR family produced by a company named Atmel. To make software development ...
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