Building Information Modeling for a Smart and Sustainable Urban Space

4Open BIM Standards

In the context of the implementation of an interoperable multi-scale BIM, it is essential to use standardized exchange formats, most often resulting from standardization organizations (OGC, ISO and buildingSMART). These standards allow the implementation of an autonomous model, independent of the tools and software used.

4.1. Standardization bodies

4.1.1 Open Geospatial Consortium

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international organization whose main objective is to develop interoperable standards for geospatial data. It has more than 500 members (from industry, academia, government agencies, universities, laboratories, etc.). Spatial information and processing includes Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, surveying and mapping, navigation, access to spatial databases, sensor networks and other geospatial technologies and information sources for terrestrial BIM implementation. In the OGC consensus process, more than 360 governments and private and cooperative organizations develop, test, document, validate and approve interface and interoperability issues. The OGC baseline of adopted standards includes these implementation specifications.

OGC has a Class A liaison with ISO TC 211, whereby some OGC specifications become ISO standards (Figure 4.1). These two organizations have developed an agreement to cooperate and harmonize their work. This is the case for the Geography Markup Language (GML) specifications that are the basis ...