C++ In a Nutshell

Binary I/O

Binary, or unformatted, I/O involves characters, character arrays, or strings, which are read or written without interpretation, padding, or other adjustments. End-of-lines are not treated specially.

The unformatted read functions (such as get and read ) can read into a string or character array. The gcount function returns the number of characters read.

The unformatted output functions (such as put and write ) can write a string or character array. You can specify the exact number of characters to write from a character array or write all characters up to a null character (to write a C-style null-terminated string).

You can also dip down the stream buffer level to perform unformatted I/O, although this is seldom done except for bulk I/O of entire streams. See the next section for more information.