August 2015
Intermediate
550 pages
11h 8m
English
Content preview from Cable System Transients
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Chapter 1Various Cables Used in Practice
Teruo Ohno
Tokyo Electric Power Company, Tokyo, Japan
1.1 Introduction
Transmission system operators (TSOs) throughout the world have been seeing growing numbers of transmission line projects in recent years for different reasons including the increase of cross-border trade, renewable energy sources, smart grid projects, the replacement of aging facilities, and in some countries due to growing demand.
Until recently, TSOs have responded to these necessary transmission upgrades mostly by the introduction of overhead lines (OHLs). HVAC underground cable systems have been used, but their applications have been mainly limited to densely populated areas. As such, HVAC underground cable systems are limited both in length and number to date.
This tendency has been changing over the past 10 years as the service experience of HVAC, especially EHV AC, cable systems has become satisfactory [1]. The applications of HVAC cable systems are proposed more often in order to protect the landscape and also public health (e.g., EMF). Hence, HVAC cable systems recently planned or installed are longer than those installed previously.
For example, in Denmark, after receiving public and political pressures to underground its OHLs, Danish TSO, Energinet.dk, published a report on the future expansion and undergrounding of its transmission grid on the 3rd of April 2008 [2]. The report proposed and compared five principles (A–E in Figure 1.1). From the five principles, ...
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