February 2026
Intermediate to advanced
372 pages
10h 2m
Spanish
Content preview from Cilium: en funcionamiento (Spanish Edition)
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Capítulo 10. Accesoal clúster
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El acceso a las aplicaciones dentro de un clúster de Kubernetes desde el mundo exterior es un requisito común. Un cliente externo, ya sea la computadora portátil de un usuario, un enrutador ascendente u otra aplicación, necesita una forma estable de acceder a un servicio dentro del clúster.
En el capítulo 7, presentamos la compatibilidad de Cilium con Kubernetes Ingress y la pasarela de API como mecanismos para equilibrar la carga y manipular el tráfico una vez que llega al clúster. Sin embargo, aún no hemos explicado cómo los clientes externos detectan la dirección IP externa del clúster. Ese es el tema central de este capítulo.
La opción más sencilla que ofrece Kubernetes es un servicio de tipo NodePort. Con un servicio NodePort, Kubernetes abre el mismo número de puerto en todos los nodos del clúster y reenvía el tráfico de ese puerto a los pods backend del servicio. Esto funciona sin necesidad de configuración adicional y se utiliza a menudo en clústeres sencillos en los que los clientes conocen directamente las direcciones IP de los nodos.
NodePort introduce dos capas de selección. En la primera capa, el cliente elige con qué nodo contactar. En la segunda capa, el nodo que recibe el tráfico lo reenvía a uno de los pods backend en buen estado, como se explica en el capítulo 6. La segunda capa funciona de manera consistente porque ...
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