13Direct and Additive Manufacturing
13.1 Introduction
In recent years, direct manufacturing has become one of the most widely explored technologies in manufacturing. With rapid improvement in the performance in terms of process speed, dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and repeatability, direct manufacturing has evolved from being a prototyping technology to a competitive technology that can substitute conventional manufacturing processes. Direct manufacturing is also referred to as digitized manufacturing, additive manufacturing, 3D printing, or rapid prototyping. This chapter will focus on the commonality that, in making a product, no CAM, CAFD, or CAPP will be needed. Therefore, these concepts are used alternatively.
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