The Effects of Pulling, Pushing, and Twisting ForcesStatic LoadsMechanics of Deformable BodiesShapeRelationship Between Shape, Stiffness, and Flexural StressRelationship Between Stress and ThicknessStress ConcentrationFatigueFatigue StrengthFretting FatigueCreep and Thermal RelaxationBucklingThermal ExpansionFailure ModesElastic DeformationYieldingDuctile RuptureBrittle FractureFatigueImpactBucklingThermal ShockWearBrinellingSpallingNoise and VibrationNoiseVibrationClosing Thoughts