December 2002
Beginner
239 pages
5h 43m
English
Content preview from Essential Guide to Semiconductors, TheBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Polishing the Wafer Smooth
Before the real work begins, one side of each wafer must be polished absolutely smooth. These wafers will be so smooth after they're finished that you couldn't detect any imperfections on the surface even with a microscope. The process is called chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). As the name implies, it involves bathing the wafers in special abrasive chemicals and gently grinding any imperfections away.
The wafers need to be smooth and flat because the features that will be projected onto them in the chip “darkroom” are extremely small and close together. In photography, it's important to keep the print lying flat as it develops because any warping or bending will throw the picture out of focus. Each part of the print ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.