book

Evading EDR

Name: Evading EDR
Author: Matt Hand
ISBN: 9781718503342

by Matt Hand

October 2023

Intermediate to advanced

312 pages

8h 26m

English

No Starch Press

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Praise for Evading EDR
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
About the Author and Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Who This Book Is ForWhat Is in This BookPrerequisite KnowledgeSetting Up
1. EDR-chitecture
The Components of an EDRThe AgentTelemetrySensorsDetectionsThe Challenges of EDR EvasionIdentifying Malicious ActivityConsidering ContextApplying Brittle vs. Robust DetectionsExploring Elastic Detection RulesAgent DesignBasicIntermediateAdvancedTypes of BypassesLinking Evasion Techniques: An Example AttackConclusion
2. Function-Hooking DLLs
How Function Hooking WorksImplementing the Hooks with Microsoft DetoursInjecting the DLLDetecting Function HooksEvading Function HooksMaking Direct SyscallsDynamically Resolving Syscall NumbersRemapping ntdll.dllConclusion
3. Process- and Thread-Creation Notifications
How Notification Callback Routines WorkProcess NotificationsRegistering a Process Callback RoutineViewing the Callback Routines Registered on a SystemCollecting Information from Process CreationThread NotificationsRegistering a Thread Callback RoutineDetecting Remote Thread CreationEvading Process- and Thread-Creation CallbacksCommand Line TamperingParent Process ID SpoofingProcess-Image ModificationA Process Injection Case Study: fork&runConclusion

4. Object Notifications
How Object Notifications WorkRegistering a New CallbackMonitoring New and Duplicate Process-Handle RequestsDetecting Objects an EDR Is MonitoringDetecting a Driver’s Actions Once TriggeredEvading Object Callbacks During an Authentication AttackPerforming Handle TheftRacing the Callback RoutineConclusion
5. Image-Load and Registry Notifications
How Image-Load Notifications WorkRegistering a Callback RoutineViewing the Callback Routines Registered on a SystemCollecting Information from Image LoadsEvading Image-Load Notifications with Tunneling ToolsTriggering KAPC Injection with Image-Load NotificationsUnderstanding KAPC InjectionGetting a Pointer to the DLL-Loading FunctionPreparing to InjectCreating the KAPC StructureQueueing the APCPreventing KAPC InjectionHow Registry Notifications WorkRegistering a Registry NotificationMitigating Performance ChallengesEvading Registry CallbacksEvading EDR Drivers with Callback Entry OverwritesConclusion
6. Filesystem Minifilter Drivers
Legacy Filters and the Filter ManagerMinifilter ArchitectureWriting a MinifilterBeginning the RegistrationDefining Pre-operation CallbacksDefining Post-operation CallbacksDefining Optional CallbacksActivating the MinifilterManaging a MinifilterDetecting Adversary Tradecraft with MinifiltersFile DetectionsNamed Pipe DetectionsEvading MinifiltersUnloadingPreventionInterferenceConclusion
7. Network Filter Drivers
Network-Based vs. Endpoint-Based MonitoringLegacy Network Driver Interface Specification DriversThe Windows Filtering PlatformThe Filter EngineFilter ArbitrationCallout DriversImplementing a WFP Callout DriverOpening a Filter Engine SessionRegistering CalloutsAdding the Callout Function to the Filter EngineAdding a New Filter ObjectAssigning Weights and SublayersAdding a Security DescriptorDetecting Adversary Tradecraft with Network FiltersThe Basic Network DataThe MetadataThe Layer DataEvading Network FiltersConclusion
8. Event Tracing for Windows
ArchitectureProvidersControllersConsumersCreating a Consumer to Identify Malicious .NET AssembliesCreating a Trace SessionEnabling ProvidersStarting the Trace SessionStopping the Trace SessionProcessing EventsTesting the ConsumerEvading ETW-Based DetectionsPatchingConfiguration ModificationTrace-Session TamperingTrace-Session InterferenceBypassing a .NET ConsumerConclusion
9. Scanners
A Brief History of Antivirus ScanningScanning ModelsOn DemandOn AccessRulesetsCase Study: YARAUnderstanding YARA RulesReverse Engineering RulesEvading Scanner SignaturesConclusion
10. Antimalware Scan Interface
The Challenge of Script-Based MalwareHow AMSI WorksExploring PowerShell’s AMSI ImplementationUnderstanding AMSI Under the HoodImplementing a Custom AMSI ProviderEvading AMSIString ObfuscationAMSI PatchingA Patchless AMSI BypassConclusion
11. Early Launch Antimalware Drivers
How ELAM Drivers Protect the Boot ProcessDeveloping ELAM DriversRegistering Callback RoutinesApplying Detection LogicAn Example Driver: Preventing Mimidrv from LoadingLoading an ELAM DriverSigning the DriverSetting the Load OrderEvading ELAM DriversThe Unfortunate RealityConclusion
12. Microsoft-Windows-Threat-Intelligence
Reverse Engineering the ProviderChecking That the Provider and Event Are EnabledDetermining the Events EmittedDetermining the Source of an EventUsing Neo4j to Discover the Sensor TriggersGetting a Dataset to Work with Neo4jViewing the Call TreesConsuming EtwTi EventsUnderstanding Protected ProcessesCreating a Protected ProcessProcessing EventsEvading EtwTiCoexistenceTrace-Handle OverwritingConclusion
13. Case Study: A Detection-Aware Attack
The Rules of EngagementInitial AccessWriting the PayloadDelivering the PayloadExecuting the PayloadEstablishing Command and ControlEvading the Memory ScannerPersistenceReconnaissancePrivilege EscalationGetting a List of Frequent UsersHijacking a File HandlerLateral MovementFinding a TargetEnumerating SharesFile ExfiltrationConclusion
Appendix. Auxiliary Sources
Alternative Hooking MethodsRPC FiltersHypervisorsHow Hypervisors WorkSecurity Use CasesEvading the Hypervisor
Index

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ISBN-13: 978-1-7185-0335-9 (ebook)

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Evading EDR

by Matt Hand

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