Expert Python Programming - Third Edition

System-level environment isolation

In most cases, software implementation can iterate quickly because developers reuse a lot of existing components. Don't Repeat Yourself – this is a popular rule and motto of many programmers. Using other packages and modules to include them in the code base is only a part of that culture. What can also be considered under reused components are binary libraries, databases, system services, third-party APIs, and so on. Even whole operating systems should be considered as being reused.

The backend services of web-based applications are a great example of how complex such applications can be. The simplest software stack usually consists of a few layers (starting from the lowest):

• A database or other kind of ...