book

HTML, XHTML, and CSS Bible, Fifth Edition

Name: HTML, XHTML, and CSS Bible, Fifth Edition
Author: Steven M. Schafer
ISBN: 9780470523964

by Steven M. Schafer

January 2010

Intermediate to advanced

791 pages

14h 17m

English

Wiley

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Copyright
About the Author
Credits
Acknowledgments
Introduction
A Brief History of the Internet and the World Wide WebWhat This Book CoversHTML 4.01/XHTML 1.1CSS 2.1User Agent (Browser) CoverageWeb 2.0TerminologyWho Should Read This Book?This Is Not a Web Design BookWhat Is Contained in This Book?Part I: Creating Content with HTMLPart II: HTML Tools and VariantsPart III: Controlling Presentation with CSSPart IV: Additional CSS ToolsReference AppendixesHow to Use This BookThe sequential readA targeted or random readConventions and FeaturesTips, Notes, and Cross-ReferencesCodeCode in textCode listingsCompanion Website
I. Creating Content with HTML
1. What Is a Markup Language?
1.1. What Are We Doing Here?1.2. Understanding Hypertext1.3. Understanding Markup Instructions1.4. Understanding Markup Language1.5. Summary
2. HTML Values and Units
2.1. Basic Tag Attribute Format2.2. Common Attributes2.2.1. Tag identifiers—IDs and classes2.2.1.1. IDs2.2.1.2. Classes2.3. Text and Comments2.3.1. Comments2.3.2. CDATA sections2.4. Uniform Resource Indicators2.5. Language and International Options2.5.1. Language code2.5.2. Text direction2.6. Summary
3. What Goes into a Web Document?
3.1. Specifying Document Type3.2. Overall Document Structure: HTML, Head, and Body3.2.1. The <html> tag3.2.2. The <head> tag3.2.3. The <body> tag3.3. Style Definitions3.4. Block Elements: Markup for Paragraphs and Other Blocks of Content3.4.1. Formatted paragraphs3.4.2. Headings3.4.3. Quoted text3.4.4. List elements3.4.5. Preformatted text3.4.6. Divisions3.5. Inline Elements: Markup for Characters3.5.1. Basic inline tags3.5.2. Spanning text3.6. Special Characters (Entities)3.7. Organizational Elements3.7.1. Tables3.7.2. Forms3.8. Linking to Other Pages3.9. Images3.10. Comments3.11. Scripts3.12. Putting It All Together3.13. Summary
4. The HEAD Elements
4.1. Specifying the Document Title4.2. Providing Information to Search Engines4.3. Setting the Default Path4.4. Script Sections4.5. Style Sections4.6. Specifying Profiles4.7. Background Color and Background Images4.7.1. Specifying the document background color4.7.2. Specifying the document background image4.8. Summary

5. Text Structuring Essentials
5.1. Formatting Paragraphs5.2. Line Breaks5.3. Divisions5.4. Rules5.5. Block Quotes5.6. Preformatted Text5.7. Summary
6. Character Formatting Essentials
6.1. Methods of Text Control6.1.1. The <font> tag6.1.2. Emphasis and other text tags6.1.3. CSS text control6.2. Bold and Italic Text6.3. Use of Emphasis Instead of Italics6.4. Monospace (Typewriter) Fonts6.5. Superscripts and Subscripts6.6. Abbreviations6.7. Marking Editorial Insertions and Deletions6.8. Grouping Inline Elements with the Span Tag6.9. Summary
7. Lists
7.1. Understanding Lists7.2. Ordered (Numbered) Lists7.3. Unordered (Bulleted) Lists7.4. Definition Lists7.5. Nested Lists7.6. Summary
8. Links
8.1. What's in a Link?8.2. Linking to a Web Page8.3. Absolute versus Relative Links8.4. Link Targets8.5. Link Titles8.6. Keyboard Shortcuts and Tab Order8.6.1. Keyboard shortcuts8.6.2. Tab order8.7. Creating an Anchor8.8. Choosing Link Colors8.9. Link Destination Details8.10. The Link Tag8.11. Summary
9. Tables
9.1. Parts of an HTML Table9.2. Table Width and Alignment9.3. Cell Spacing and Padding9.4. Borders and Rules9.4.1. Table borders9.4.2. Table rules9.5. Rows9.6. Cells9.7. Table Captions9.8. Row Groups—Header, Body, and Footer9.9. Background Colors9.10. Spanning Columns and Rows9.11. Grouping Columns9.12. Formatting with Tables9.12.1. Rudimentary Formatting with Tables9.12.2. Real-world examples9.12.2.1. Floating page9.12.3. Odd graphics and text combinations9.12.4. Navigational menus and blocks9.12.5. Multiple columns9.13. Summary
10. Frames
10.1. Frames Overview10.2. Framesets and Frame Documents10.2.1. Creating a frameset10.2.1.1. The frameset tag10.2.1.2. The frame tag10.2.2. Frame margins, borders, and scroll bars10.2.3. Permitting or prohibiting user modifications10.3. Targeting Links to Frames10.4. Nested Framesets10.5. Inline Frames10.6. Summary
11. Forms
11.1. Understanding Forms11.2. Inserting a Form11.2.1. HTTP GET11.2.2. HTTP POST11.2.3. Additional <form> attributes11.3. Field Labels11.4. Text Input Boxes11.5. Password Input Boxes11.6. Radio Buttons11.7. Check Boxes11.8. List Boxes11.9. Large Text Input11.10. Hidden Fields11.11. Buttons11.12. Images11.13. File Fields11.14. Submit and Reset Buttons11.15. Tab Order and Keyboard Shortcuts11.16. Preventing Changes11.17. Fieldsets and Legends11.18. Using Events with Forms11.19. Form Scripts and Script Services11.19.1. Download a handler11.19.2. Use a script service11.20. Summary
12. Colors and Images
12.1. Web Color Basics12.2. Other Means to Specify Colors12.3. The Evolution of Color on the Web12.4. Using Proper Means to Specify Colors12.5. Image Formats for the Web12.5.1. Image compression12.5.2. Compression options12.5.3. GIF12.5.4. JPEG12.5.5. PNG12.6. Creating Graphics12.6.1. Essential functions12.6.2. Progressive JPEGs and interlaced GIFs12.6.3. Using transparency12.6.4. Animated images12.7. Inserting an Image12.8. Image Alignment12.9. Specifying Text to Display for Nongraphical Browsers12.10. Sizing an Image12.11. Image Borders12.12. Image Maps12.12.1. Specifying an image map12.12.2. Specifying clickable regions12.12.2.1. Specifying regions using anchor tags12.12.2.2. Specifying regions using area tags12.12.3. Putting it all together12.13. Summary
13. Multimedia
13.1. Animated Images13.2. Animation and Video Formats, Plug-ins, and Players13.2.1. Popular formats and players (plug-ins)13.2.1.1. Flash13.2.1.2. RealOne13.2.1.3. QuickTime13.2.1.4. YouTube13.2.2. Windows Media Player13.3. Embedding Media via the Object Tag13.4. Embedding a Windows Media Player Using <object>13.5. Embedding YouTube Videos13.6. Adding Sound to Web Pages13.7. Creating Multimedia Files13.8. A Final Word About Multimedia13.9. Summary
14. Special Characters
14.1. Understanding Character Encodings14.2. Special Characters14.3. En and Em Spaces and Dashes14.4. Copyright and Trademark Symbols14.5. Currency Symbols14.6. "Real" Quotation Marks14.7. Arrows14.8. Accented Characters14.9. Greek and Mathematical Characters14.10. Other Useful Entities14.11. Summary
15. Internationalization and Localization
15.1. Internationalization and Localization15.2. Translating Your Web Site15.3. Understanding Unicode15.3.1. Basic Latin (U + 0000–U + 007F)15.3.1.1. ISO-8859-115.3.1.2. Latin-1 Supplement (U + 00 C0 - U + 00FF)15.3.1.3. Latin Extended-A (U + 0100 - U + 017F)15.3.1.4. Latin Extended-B and Latin Extended Additional15.4. Summary
16. Scripts
16.1. Client-Side versus Server-Side Scripting16.1.1. Client-side scripting16.1.2. Server-side scripting16.2. Setting the Default Scripting Language16.3. Including a Script16.4. Calling an External Script16.5. Triggering Scripts with Events16.6. Hiding Scripts from Older Browsers16.7. Summary
17. Dynamic HTML
17.1. The Need for DHTML17.2. How DHTML Works17.3. The Document Object Model17.3.1. The history of the DOM17.3.2. Understanding the DOM17.3.3. DOM node properties and methods17.3.4. Traversing and changing a document's nodes17.4. The JavaScript DOM17.4.1. The window object17.4.2. The document object17.4.3. The form object17.4.4. The location object17.4.5. The history object17.4.6. The self object17.5. Using Event Handlers17.6. Accessing an Element by Its ID17.7. Cross-Browser Compatibility Issues17.7.1. Browser detection: querying for identification17.7.2. Browser detection: object detection17.8. DHTML Examples17.9. Form Automation: Check boxes17.9.1. Rollovers17.9.2. Collapsible menus17.9.2.1. How they work17.10. Summary
18. The Future of HTML: HTML5
18.1. More Publishing and Layout Features18.2. Accessible Multimedia18.3. Changes: Elements and Attributes18.3.1. New elements18.3.2. New attributes by element18.3.3. New input types (form input element)18.3.4. New global attributes18.3.5. Deprecated elements18.3.6. Deprecated attributes18.4. Summary
II. HTML Tools and Variants
19. Web Development Software
19.1. Text-Oriented Editors19.1.1. Simple text editors19.1.2. Smart text editors19.1.3. HTML-specific editors19.2. WYSIWYG HTML Editors19.2.1. NetObjects Fusion19.2.2. Dreamweaver19.2.3. Firefox Add-ons19.3. Other Tools19.3.1. Graphics editors19.3.2. Adobe Flash19.4. Summary
20. Publishing Your Site
20.1. Introducing FTP20.2. FTP Clients20.3. Notable FTP Clients20.4. Principles of Web Server File Organization20.5. Summary
21. An Introduction To XML
21.1. XML Basics21.2. XML Syntax21.2.1. XML Declaration and DOCTYPE21.2.2. Elements21.2.3. Attributes21.2.4. Comments21.2.5. Non-parsed data21.2.6. Entities21.2.7. Namespaces21.2.8. Stylesheets21.3. Working with Document Type Definitions21.3.1. Using elements in DTDs21.3.1.1. Using element declaration syntax for empty elements21.3.1.2. Using element declaration syntax for elements with PCDATA21.3.1.3. Using element declaration syntax for elements with child elements21.3.1.4. Declaring the number of occurrences for elements21.3.2. Using attributes in DTDs21.3.3. Using entities in DTDs21.3.4. Using PCDATA and CDATA in DTDs21.4. Introducing XML Schemas21.5. Working with Schemas21.6. Using XML21.6.1. Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations21.6.2. XML editing21.6.3. XML parsing21.7. Summary
22. Creating Mobile Documents
22.1. Understanding the Evolution of the Mobile Web22.1.1. The first, dark years of mobility22.1.2. The Open Mobile Alliance and other standards22.1.3. The bottom line22.2. XHTML Basic 1.122.2.1. The XHTML Basic 1.1 doctype22.2.2. XHTML Basic 1.1 elements22.2.3. Special considerations22.2.3.1. Screen size22.2.3.2. Balancing content for bandwidth and cost22.2.3.3. Input restrictions22.2.3.4. Easy URLs22.2.3.5. Small images22.2.3.6. Descriptive alt attributes and link text22.2.3.7. Reliable navigation schemes22.2.3.8. Limit complex display structures22.3. Mobile Web Development Tools22.4. Summary
23. Tidying and Validating Your Documents
23.1. Tidying Your HTML Code23.1.1. HTML Tidy23.1.2. Getting HTML Tidy23.1.3. Running HTML Tidy23.2. Validating Your Code23.2.1. Specifying the correct document type declaration23.2.2. Validation tools23.2.3. Understanding validation output23.3. Additional Testing and Validation23.3.1. Testing with a variety of user agents23.3.2. Testing for a variety of displays23.4. Summary
24. HTML Tips and Tricks
24.1. Preloading Images24.2. Controlling Text Breaks in Table Cells24.3. Stretching Title Bars24.4. Simulating Newspaper Columns24.5. Including Image Size for Fast Display24.6. Protecting E-mail Addresses24.7. Automating Forms24.7.1. Manipulating form objects24.7.2. Validating form input24.8. Modifying the User Agent Environment24.8.1. The concept24.8.2. The implementation24.8.3. The JavaScript functions24.9. Summary
III. Controlling Presentation with CSS
25. CSS Basics
25.1. The Purpose of Styles25.2. Styles and HTML25.3. CSS Levels 1, 2, and 325.4. Defining Styles25.5. Cascading Styles25.6. Summary
26. Style Definitions
26.1. The Style Definition Format26.2. Understanding Selectors26.2.1. Matching elements by type26.2.2. Matching using the universal selector26.2.3. Matching elements by class26.2.4. Matching elements by identifier26.2.5. Matching elements by specific attributes26.2.6. Matching child, descendant, and adjacent sibling elements26.2.6.1. Understanding document hierarchy26.2.6.1.1. Ancestors and descendants26.2.6.1.2. Parents and children26.2.6.1.3. Siblings26.2.6.2. Selecting by hierarchy26.3. Understanding Style Inheritance26.4. Using Pseudo-Classes26.4.1. Anchor styles26.4.2. The :first-child pseudo-class26.4.3. The :lang pseudo-class26.5. Pseudo-Elements26.5.1. First line26.5.2. First letter26.5.3. Before and after26.6. Shorthand Expressions26.7. Summary
27. CSS Values and Units
27.1. General Property Value Rules27.2. Property Value Metrics27.2.1. Keyword values27.2.2. Real-world measures27.2.3. Screen measures27.2.4. Relational measures27.2.5. Color and URL functions27.2.6. Aural metrics27.3. Summary
28. CSS Inheritance and Cascade
28.1. Inheritance28.2. Cascade28.3. Specificity28.4. Summary
29. Font Properties
29.1. Understanding Fonts29.2. Font Types29.3. Font Sizing29.4. Font Styling29.5. Line Spacing29.6. Embedding Fonts in a Document29.7. Summary
30. Text Formatting
30.1. Aligning Text30.1.1. Controlling horizontal alignment30.1.2. Controlling vertical alignment30.2. Indenting Text30.3. Controlling White Space Within Text30.3.1. Clearing floating objects30.3.2. The white-space property30.4. Controlling Letter and Word Spacing30.5. Specifying Capitalization30.6. Using Text Decorations30.7. Autogenerated Text30.8. Using CSS Table Properties30.9. Controlling Table Attributes30.9.1. Table borders30.9.2. Table border spacing30.9.3. Collapsing borders30.9.4. Borders on empty cells30.10. Table Layout30.11. Aligning and Positioning Captions30.12. Summary
31. CSS Lists
31.1. An Overview of Lists31.2. CSS Lists—Any Element Will Do31.3. List Style Type31.4. Positioning of Markers31.5. Using Images as List Markers31.6. Summary
32. Padding, Margins, and Borders
32.1. The CSS Box Formatting Model32.2. Element Padding32.3. Element Borders32.3.1. Border width32.3.2. Border style32.3.3. Border color32.3.4. Border property shortcuts32.3.5. Border spacing32.4. Element Margins32.5. Dynamic Outlines32.6. Summary
33. Colors and Backgrounds
33.1. Element Colors33.1.1. Foreground colors33.1.2. Background colors33.2. Background Images33.2.1. Repeating and scrolling images33.2.2. Positioning background images33.2.3. The background shortcut property33.3. Summary
34. CSS Layouts
34.1. Understanding CSS Positioning34.1.1. Static positioning34.1.2. Relative positioning34.1.3. Absolute positioning34.1.4. Fixed positioning34.2. Specifying the Element Position34.3. Floating Elements to the Left or Right34.4. Defining an Element's Width and Height34.4.1. Specifying exact sizes34.4.2. Specifying maximum and minimum sizes34.4.3. Controlling element overflow34.5. Stacking Elements in Layers34.6. Controlling Element Visibility34.7. Summary
35. Pseudo-Elements and Generated Content
35.1. The Content Property35.2. Pseudo-Elements35.2.1. :first-line35.2.2. :first-letter35.2.3. :before and :after35.3. Quotation Marks35.4. Numbering Elements Automatically35.4.1. The counter object35.4.2. Changing the counter value35.4.3. A counter example: chapter and section numbers35.4.4. Custom list numbers35.5. Summary
36. Dynamic HTML with CSS
36.1. Accessing CSS Properties with JavaScript36.2. Useful CSS Manipulation36.2.1. Hiding and showing text36.2.2. Picture zooming36.2.3. Menu buttons with rollovers36.3. Summary
37. Media Styles and Defining Documents for Printing
37.1. Understanding CSS Media Types37.1.1. Specifying media types37.1.1.1. Specifying one style's media type37.1.1.2. Specifying a group of styles' media type37.1.1.3. Specifying an external style sheet's media type37.2. Setting Up Documents for Printing37.2.1. The page box formatting model37.2.2. Defining the page size with the @page rule37.2.2.1. Setting up the page size with the size property37.2.2.2. Setting margins with the margin property37.2.2.3. Including crop and cross marks37.2.3. Controlling page breaks37.2.3.1. Using the page-break-before and page-break-after properties37.2.3.2. Using the page-break-inside property37.2.4. Handling widows and orphans37.2.5. Preparing documents for double-sided printing37.3. Creating a Multimedia Document37.3.1. The online (screen media) document37.3.2. Reformatting the page37.4. Summary
38. The Future of CSS: CSS3
38.1. Just Better38.2. Modularity38.3. Using CSS3 Properties Today38.4. More Control over Selections38.5. Revisiting the Brass Ring of CSS: Rounded Corners38.6. Summary
IV. Additional CSS Tools
39. User Interface Styles
39.1. Changing the Cursor39.2. User Interface Colors39.3. User Interface Fonts39.4. Summary
40. Testing and Validating CSS
40.1. Testing Syntax As You Create Styles40.2. A Word About Formatting40.3. Validating CSS40.4. Firefox Add-ons for CSS Editing40.5. Summary
41. CSS Tips and Tricks
41.1. Hanging Indents41.2. Expanding Buttons41.3. Pull Quotes41.4. Tabbed Menus41.4.1. Rounded Boxes41.4.2. Flowing Elements41.4.3. Flowing Text41.5. Summary
A. XHTML Element Quick Reference
A.1. Element ListingsA.1.1. <a>A.1.1.1. ContextA.1.1.2. AttributesA.1.1.3. Usage exampleA.1.2. <abbr>A.1.2.1. ContextA.1.2.2. AttributesA.1.2.3. Usage exampleA.1.3. <acronym>A.1.3.1. ContextA.1.3.2. AttributesA.1.3.3. Usage exampleA.1.3.4. <address>A.1.3.5. ContextA.1.3.6. AttributesA.1.3.7. Usage exampleA.1.4. <area>A.1.4.1. ContextA.1.4.2. AttributesA.1.4.3. Usage exampleA.1.5. <b>A.1.5.1. ContextA.1.5.2. AttributesA.1.5.3. Usage exampleA.1.6. <base>A.1.6.1. ContextA.1.6.2. AttributesA.1.6.3. Usage exampleA.1.7. <bdo>A.1.7.1. ContextA.1.7.2. AttributesA.1.7.3. Usage exampleA.1.8. <big>A.1.8.1. ContextA.1.8.2. AttributesA.1.8.3. Usage exampleA.1.9. <blockquote>A.1.9.1. ContextA.1.9.2. AttributesA.1.9.3. Usage exampleA.1.10. <body>A.1.10.1. ContextA.1.10.2. AttributesA.1.10.3. Usage exampleA.1.11. <br>A.1.11.1. ContextA.1.11.2. AttributesA.1.11.3. Usage exampleA.1.12. <button>A.1.12.1. ContextA.1.12.2. AttributesA.1.12.3. Usage exampleA.1.13. <caption>A.1.13.1. ContextA.1.13.2. AttributesA.1.13.3. Usage exampleA.1.14. <cite>A.1.14.1. ContextA.1.14.2. AttributesA.1.14.3. Usage ExampleA.1.15. <code>A.1.15.1. ContextA.1.15.2. AttributesA.1.15.3. Usage ExampleA.1.16. <col>A.1.16.1. ContextA.1.16.2. AttributesA.1.16.3. Usage exampleA.1.17. <colgroup>A.1.17.1. ContextA.1.17.2. AttributesA.1.17.3. Usage exampleA.1.18. <dd>A.1.18.1. ContextA.1.18.2. AttributesA.1.18.3. Usage exampleA.1.19. <del>A.1.19.1. ContextA.1.19.2. AttributesA.1.19.3. Usage exampleA.1.20. <dfn>A.1.20.1. ContextA.1.20.2. AttributesA.1.20.3. Usage exampleA.1.21. <div>A.1.21.1. ContextA.1.21.2. AttributesA.1.21.3. Usage exampleA.1.22. <dl>A.1.22.1. ContextA.1.22.2. AttributesA.1.22.3. Usage exampleA.1.23. <dt>A.1.23.1. ContextA.1.23.2. AttributesA.1.23.3. Usage exampleA.1.24. <em>A.1.24.1. ContextA.1.24.2. AttributesA.1.24.3. Usage exampleA.1.25. <fieldset>A.1.25.1. ContextA.1.25.2. AttributesA.1.25.3. Usage exampleA.1.26. <form>A.1.26.1. ContextA.1.26.2. AttributesA.1.26.3. Usage exampleA.1.27. <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>A.1.27.1. ContextA.1.27.2. AttributesA.1.27.3. Usage exampleA.1.28. <head>A.1.28.1. ContextA.1.28.2. AttributesA.1.28.3. Usage exampleA.1.29. <hr>A.1.29.1. ContextA.1.29.2. AttributesA.1.29.3. Usage exampleA.1.30. <html>A.1.30.1. ContextA.1.30.2. AttributesA.1.30.3. Usage exampleA.1.31. <i>A.1.31.1. ContextA.1.31.2. AttributesA.1.31.3. Usage exampleA.1.32. <img>A.1.32.1. ContextA.1.32.2. AttributesA.1.32.3. Usage exampleA.1.33. <input>A.1.33.1. ContextA.1.33.2. AttributesA.1.33.3. Usage exampleA.1.34. <ins>A.1.34.1. ContextA.1.34.2. AttributesA.1.34.3. Usage exampleA.1.35. <kbd>A.1.35.1. ContextA.1.35.2. AttributesA.1.35.3. Usage exampleA.1.36. <label>A.1.36.1. ContextA.1.36.2. AttributesA.1.36.3. Usage exampleA.1.37. <legend>A.1.37.1. ContextA.1.37.2. AttributesA.1.37.3. Usage exampleA.1.38. <li>A.1.38.1. ContextA.1.38.2. AttributesA.1.38.3. Usage exampleA.1.39. <link>A.1.39.1. ContextA.1.39.2. AttributesA.1.39.3. Usage exampleA.1.40. <map>A.1.40.1. ContextA.1.40.2. AttributesA.1.40.3. Usage exampleA.1.41. <meta>A.1.41.1. ContextA.1.41.2. AttributesA.1.41.3. Usage exampleA.1.42. <noscript>A.1.42.1. ContextA.1.42.2. AttributesA.1.42.3. Usage exampleA.1.43. <object>A.1.43.1. ContextA.1.43.2. AttributesA.1.43.3. Usage exampleA.1.44. <ol>A.1.44.1. ContextA.1.44.2. AttributesA.1.44.3. Usage exampleA.1.45. <optgroup>A.1.45.1. ContextA.1.45.2. AttributesA.1.45.3. Usage exampleA.1.46. <option>A.1.46.1. ContextA.1.46.2. AttributesA.1.46.3. Usage exampleA.1.47. <p>A.1.47.1. ContextA.1.47.2. AttributesA.1.47.3. Usage exampleA.1.48. <param>A.1.48.1. ContextA.1.48.2. AttributesA.1.48.3. Usage exampleA.1.49. <pre>A.1.49.1. ContextA.1.49.2. AttributesA.1.49.3. Usage exampleA.1.50. <q>A.1.50.1. ContextA.1.50.2. AttributesA.1.50.3. Usage exampleA.1.51. <samp>A.1.51.1. ContextA.1.51.2. AttributesA.1.51.3. Usage exampleA.1.52. <script>A.1.52.1. ContextA.1.52.2. AttributesA.1.52.3. Usage exampleA.1.53. <select>A.1.53.1. ContextA.1.53.2. AttributesA.1.53.3. Usage exampleA.1.54. <small>A.1.54.1. ContextA.1.54.2. AttributesA.1.54.3. Usage exampleA.1.55. <span>A.1.55.1. ContextA.1.55.2. AttributesA.1.55.3. Usage exampleA.1.56. <strong>A.1.56.1. ContextA.1.56.2. AttributesA.1.56.3. Usage exampleA.1.57. <style>A.1.57.1. ContextA.1.57.2. AttributesA.1.57.3. Usage exampleA.1.58. <sub>A.1.58.1. ContextA.1.58.2. AttributesA.1.58.3. Usage exampleA.1.59. <sup>A.1.59.1. ContextA.1.59.2. AttributesA.1.59.3. Usage exampleA.1.60. <table>A.1.60.1. ContextA.1.60.2. AttributesA.1.60.3. Usage exampleA.1.61. <tbody>A.1.61.1. ContextA.1.61.2. AttributesA.1.61.3. Usage exampleA.1.62. <td>A.1.62.1. ContextA.1.62.2. AttributesA.1.62.3. Usage exampleA.1.63. <textarea>A.1.63.1. ContextA.1.63.2. AttributesA.1.63.3. Usage exampleA.1.64. <tfoot>A.1.64.1. ContextA.1.64.2. AttributesA.1.64.3. Usage exampleA.1.65. <th>A.1.65.1. ContextA.1.65.2. AttributesA.1.65.3. Usage exampleA.1.66. <thead>A.1.66.1. ContextA.1.66.2. AttributesA.1.66.3. Usage exampleA.1.67. <title>A.1.67.1. ContextA.1.67.2. AttributesA.1.67.3. Usage exampleA.1.68. <tr>A.1.68.1. ContextA.1.68.2. AttributesA.1.68.3. Usage exampleA.1.69. <tt>A.1.69.1. ContextA.1.69.2. AttributesA.1.69.3. Usage exampleA.1.70. <ul>A.1.70.1. ContextA.1.70.2. AttributesA.1.70.3. Usage exampleA.1.71. <var>A.1.71.1. ContextA.1.71.2. AttributesA.1.71.3. Usage exampleA.2. Event AttributesA.2.1. Standard eventsA.2.2. Other EventsA.3. Other Common AttributesA.3.1. Core attributesA.3.2. Internationalization attributesA.3.3. Common color codes
B. HTML Special Characters Quick Reference
C. CSS 2.1 Properties Quick Reference
C.1. Property ListingsC.1.1. Property List: Quick ReferenceC.1.2. BackgroundC.1.2.1. background-imageC.1.2.2. background-repeatC.1.2.3. background-attachmentC.1.2.4. background-positionC.1.2.5. background-colorC.1.2.6. backgroundC.1.3. ListC.1.3.1. list-style-typeC.1.3.2. list-style-positionC.1.3.3. list-style-imageC.1.3.4. list-styleC.1.4. Generated contentC.1.4.1. contentC.1.4.2. quotesC.1.4.3. counter-incrementC.1.4.4. counter-resetC.1.5. Font and textC.1.5.1. text-alignC.1.5.2. text-decorationC.1.5.3. text-indentC.1.5.4. text-transformC.1.5.5. colorC.1.5.6. font-familyC.1.5.7. font-sizeC.1.5.8. font-styleC.1.5.9. font-variantC.1.5.10. font-weightC.1.5.11. fontC.1.5.12. letter-spacingC.1.5.13. word-spacingC.1.5.14. white-spaceC.1.6. Text directionC.1.6.1. unicode-bidiC.1.6.2. directionC.1.7. BlockC.1.7.1. margin-left, margin-right, margin-top, margin-bottomC.1.7.2. marginC.1.7.3. padding-left, padding-right, padding-top, padding-bottomC.1.7.4. paddingC.1.7.5. clipC.1.7.6. overflowC.1.7.7. height, widthC.1.7.8. max-height, max-widthC.1.7.9. min-height, min-widthC.1.7.10. line-heightC.1.7.11. vertical-alignC.1.8. PositioningC.1.8.1. visibilityC.1.8.2. displayC.1.8.3. positionC.1.8.4. floatC.1.8.5. top, bottom, left, rightC.1.8.6. z-indexC.1.8.7. clearC.1.9. BordersC.1.9.1. border-color, border-top-color, border-bottom-color, border-left-color, border-right-colorC.1.9.2. border-style, border-top-style, border-bottom-style, border-left-style, border-right-styleC.1.9.3. border-width, border-top-width, border-bottom-width, border-left-width, border-right-widthC.1.9.4. borderC.1.9.5. outline-colorC.1.9.6. outline-styleC.1.9.7. outline-widthC.1.9.8. outlineC.1.10. TableC.1.10.1. table-layoutC.1.10.2. border-collapseC.1.10.3. border-spacingC.1.10.4. empty-cellsC.1.10.5. caption-sideC.1.11. PrintingC.1.11.1. page-break-after, page-break-beforeC.1.11.2. page-break-insideC.1.11.3. orphansC.1.11.4. widowsC.1.12. MiscellaneousC.1.12.1. cursor
D. CSS 2.1 Selectors Quick Reference
D.1. Basic Element SelectorsD.2. Descendant SelectorsD.3. Child SelectorsD.4. Adjacent Sibling SelectorsD.5. Class SelectorsD.6. ID SelectorsD.7. Attribute Selectors
E. Pseudo-Elements and Pseudo-Classes Quick Reference
E.1. Pseudo-ElementsE.2. Pseudo-Classes

Overview

An essential update to the key web authoring standards of HTML, XHTML, and CSS

The existence of Web pages depends on three vital technologies: HTML (base language that Web pages are written in), XHTML (standards that define how to write HTML pages), and CSS (standard that applies formatting styles to Web pages). This new edition provides you with critical coverage of these three Web authoring standards, and places special focus on the upcoming releases of HTML 5 and CSS 3.

Serving as a tutorial and reference, this comprehensive resource explains the basic structure and necessary formatting to create a static (non-changing) and dynamic (changing) page on the Internet.

HTML, XHTML, and CSS are the three major Web authoring standards for creating either a static or dynamic Web page
Guides you through using HTML to create Web documents and introduces updates to HTML 5
Demonstrates best practices for using tools and utilities to create Web documents
Includes coverage of the new CSS 3 and tips and tricks for maximizing its abilities

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