January 2010
Intermediate to advanced
791 pages
14h 17m
English
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Chapter 12. Colors and Images
IN THIS CHAPTER
Web Color Basics
Other Means to Specify Colors
The Evolution of Color on the Web
Using Proper Means to Specify Colors
Image Formats for the Web
Creating Graphics
Inserting an Image
Image Alignment
Specifying Text to Display for Nongraphical Browsers
Sizing an Image
Image Borders
Image Maps
The Web is not a black-and-white place. In fact, it never has been—the Web and HTML language was born with 16 named colors and blossomed quickly into more than 200 other supported colors. So, although it had its share of growing spurts, unlike most of the other information mediums, the Web didn't have to grow out of a colorless beginning.
This chapter shows how to use colors with fonts, borders, backgrounds, and more. It also covers the image tag, which can be used to insert graphical images into your documents.
Web Color Basics
When the Web was first conceived, most computers were not capable of displaying the multitude of colors possible today. Most computers in that era supported a maximum of 16 colors (via Enhanced Graphics Adapter, or EGA), or a few years later, 256 colors (via Video Graphics Array, or VGA).
To create an initial, standard color palette, the W3C created a color palette of 16 named colors: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow. These color names are still the only color names that will properly validate against HTML 4.
To accommodate colors in elements, several color and ...
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