5

Image Enhancement and Correction

In preparation for the treatment of supervised/unsupervised classification and change detection, the subjects of the last four chapters of this book, the present chapter focuses on preprocessing methods. These fall into the two general categories of image enhancement (Sections 5.1 through 5.4) and geometric correction (Sections 5.5 and 5.6). Discussion mainly focuses on the processing of optical/infrared image data. However, Section 5.4 introduces polarimetric SAR imagery and treats the problem of speckle removal.

5.1    Lookup tables and histogram functions

Gray-level enhancements of an image are easily accomplished by means of lookup tables. For byte-encoded data, for example, the pixel intensities g(

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