488 INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
enterprise as if it were an extension of its business, it is called an integral foreign opera-
tion. Non-integral foreign operations are carried out with a significant degree of autonomy
from the reporting enterprise. They are also financed mainly from their own operations or
local borrowings rather than by the reporting enterprise. Further, costs of labour, material,
and other components of the foreign operation’s products or services are primarily paid or
settled in the local currency rather than in the reporting currency, and the sales are mainly
in currencies other than the reporting currency.
The financial statements of an integral foreign operation should be translated as if its
transactions had been ...