September 2025
Intermediate to advanced
660 pages
13h 38m
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil)
Content preview from Introdução ao Python, 3rd Edition
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Capítulo 17. Dados de texto
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Eu vivo para o texto. É o meu trabalho.
Ian McKellen
Você viu os conceitos básicos de strings do Python no Capítulo 4. Agora é hora de se aprofundar em strings e dados de texto.
Strings de texto: Unicode
As cadeias de caracteres do Python 3 são sequências de caracteres Unicode, não bytearrays. Essa é, de longe, a maior mudança de linguagem em relação ao Python 2.
Todos os exemplos de texto deste livro até agora foram o velho e simples ASCII. O ASCII foi definido na década de 1960, antes de as mullets existirem, e os computadores daquela época tinham o tamanho de geladeiras e eram apenas um pouco mais inteligentes.
Como mencionei no Capítulo 2, a unidade básica de armazenamento do computador é o byte, que pode armazenar 256 valores exclusivos em seus oito bits. Por vários motivos, o ASCII usava apenas sete bits (128 valores exclusivos): 26 letras maiúsculas, 26 letras minúsculas, 10 dígitos, alguns símbolos de pontuação, alguns caracteres de espaçamento e alguns códigos de controle não impressos.
Infelizmente, o mundo tem mais letras do que o ASCII oferece. Você poderia comer um cachorro-quente em uma lanchonete, mas nunca um Gewürztraminer em um café.1 Muitas tentativas foram feitas para colocar mais letras e símbolos em oito bits, e você as verá algumas vezes.
Aqui estão apenas algumas delas:
-
Latin-1, ou ISO 8859-1
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