Appendix A. Java Then and Now
Introduction: Always in Motion the Java Is
Java has always been a moving target for developers and writers. This I know as I’ve been updating, first a Java training program and later this book, for pretty much all of Java’s lifetime. Some developers I meet in my commercial training programs are still not aware of some of the features added to ancient Java releases, let alone current ones. This appendix offers a look at each recent release of Java. Details on releases prior to Java 16 are considered ancient history and have been moved to my website, https://darwinsys.com/java/ancientHistory.html. For a review of the very early history, see Jon Byous’s Sun Microsystems article “Java Technology: The Early Years”.
There are many references to “JEP” (Java Enhancement Proposal) in this section. To get more information on any of these, simply visit openjdk.org/jeps/NNN where NNN is the JEP number.
What Was New in Java 16 16
The biggest items in Java are the record type and the jpackage tool, but there are many more.
Another big change, not in the language but in how the JDK source code is maintained, is the move from half a dozen separate repositories in Mercurial, a smaller competitor to Git, into a unified repository on GitHub. These changes were introduced in JEP 357: Migrate from Mercurial to Git and JEP 369: Migrate to GitHub, and I wrote about them in Oracle’s Java Magazine.
Other changes of note include supported ports of the JDK for JEP 386: Alpine ...
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