Chapter 1. Introduction to the Java Environment
Welcome to Java in 2023.
You may be coming to the Java world from another tradition, or maybe this is your first taste of computer programming. Whatever road you may have traveled to get here, welcome—we’re glad you’ve arrived.
Java is a powerful, general-purpose programming environment. It is one of the most widely used programming environments in the world and has been exceptionally successful in business and enterprise computing for over 25 years.
In this chapter, we’ll set the scene by describing the Java language (which programmers write their applications in), the Java execution environment (known as the “Java Virtual Machine,” which actually runs those applications), and the Java ecosystem (which provides a lot of the value of the programming environment to development teams).
All three of these concepts (language, execution environment, and ecosystem) are habitually referred to just as “Java,” with the precise usage inferred from context. In practice, they are such connected ideas that this isn’t as confusing as it might first seem.
We’ll briefly cover the history of the Java language and virtual machine, move on to discuss the lifecycle of a Java program, and then clear up some common questions about the differences between Java and other environments.
The Language, the JVM, and the Ecosystem
The base Java programming environment has been around since the late 1990s. It is composed of the Java language and the supporting ...
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