Java

19.5    Reading from Files and Writing to Files

To read data from files or write data to files, a stream class is needed that manages the mapping of the abstract methods of Reader, Writer, InputStream, and OutputStream to files. To carry out such implementations, three different approaches are available:

• The Files utility class provides some new*(...) methods that enable read/write data streams for character- and byte-oriented files.

• A Class object provides getResourceAsStream(...) and returns an InputStream that reads bytes from files in the module path. For writing, no comparable method exists. If Unicode characters must be read, the InputStream must be converted to a Reader .

• The special classes FileInputStream, FileReader, FileOutputStream ...