book

Java™ Application Development on Linux®

Name: Java™ Application Development on Linux®
ISBN: 013143697X

by Carl Albing, Michael Schwarz

November 2004

Intermediate to advanced

600 pages

11h 51m

English

Pearson

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Copyright
Dedication
Bruce Peren's Open Source Series
Preface
Java and LinuxFree Software and JavaYou Can Help!Acknowledgments
Introduction
Who Should Buy This BookWho Should Not Buy This BookHow to Use This BookMany PathsThe Linux Newbie PathThe Java Newbie PathThe Client-Side PathThe Server-Side PathThe Enterprise Path
I. Getting Started
1. An Embarrassment of Riches: The Linux Environment
1.1. What You Will Learn1.2. The Command Line: What’s the Big Deal?1.3. Basic Linux Concepts and Commands1.3.1. Redirecting I/O1.3.1.1. Standard I/O1.3.1.2. Pipes1.3.2. The ls Command1.3.3. Filenames1.3.4. Permissions1.3.5. File Copying1.3.6. Seeing Stars1.3.6.1. Escape at Last1.3.7. File Contents1.3.8. The grep Command1.3.9. The find Command1.3.10. The Shell Revisited1.3.11. The tar and zip Commands1.3.12. The man Command1.4. Review1.5. What You Still Don’t Know1.6. Resources
2. An Embarrassment of Riches: Editors
2.1. What You Will Learn2.2. Eye to Eye with vi2.2.1. Exiting2.2.2. Search and Replace2.2.3. The Joy of Regular Expressions2.2.4. Starting Off Right: .exrc2.3. Editors Galore2.3.1. Editing Your Pipes (sed, the Stream EDitor)2.3.2. Simple Graphical Editors2.4. Review2.5. What You Still Don’t Know2.6. Resources
3. An Experienced Programmer’s Introduction to Java
3.1. What You Will Learn3.2. Fundamental Language Elements3.2.1. Scalar Types3.2.1.1. Integer Types3.2.1.2. Floating Point Types3.2.1.3. Other Types3.2.1.4. Operators3.2.1.5. Arrays3.2.2. Object Types3.2.2.1. Objects as References3.2.2.2. Strings3.2.2.3. Other Classes: Reading Javadoc3.2.3. Statements3.2.3.1. Conditional ExecutionThe if-else statementThe switch statement3.2.3.2. Looping and Related StatementsThe while statementThe do-while loopThe for loopThe for loop with iteratorsThe break and continue statements3.2.3.3. The return statement3.2.4. Error Handling, Java Style3.2.5. print(), println(), printf()3.3. Using (and Making) Java APIs3.3.1. The package Statement3.3.2. The import Statement3.4. Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism3.4.1. Encapsulation3.4.2. Inheritance3.4.2.1. Inheritance and Encapsulation3.4.2.2. The static statement3.4.2.3. The final statement3.4.3. Polymorphism3.5. O, Templates! Where Art Thou?3.6. Virtually Final3.7. A Useful Simple Application3.8. Review3.9. What You Still Don’t Know3.10. Resources3.11. Exercises
4. Where Am I? Execution Context
4.1. What You Will Learn4.2. A Simple Start4.2.1. Command-Line Arguments4.2.2. Unit Testing Made Easy4.3. The System Class4.3.1. Java and Standard I/O4.3.2. Environment Variables4.3.3. Java and Environment Variables4.4. The Properties Class4.5. The Runtime Class4.5.1. exec()4.5.2. Portability4.6. Review4.7. What You Still Don’t Know4.8. Resources
5. The Sun Microsystems Java Software Development Kit
5.1. What You Will Learn5.2. All You Need, and Not One Thing More5.3. The Java Compiler5.3.1. Compiler Behavior, Defaults, and Environment Variables5.3.2. javac Options5.4. The Java Runtime Engine5.4.1. The Basics5.4.2. java Options5.5. Complete, Up-to-Date Program Documentation Made Easy5.5.1. Running javadoc5.5.2. Javadoc Command-Line Options5.5.3. Javadoc Comments5.6. Dispensing with Applets5.7. Going Native5.8. Introducing RMI5.8.1. A Brief Introduction to RMI5.8.1.1. History and Background5.8.1.2. RMI Basics5.8.1.3. Writing the Interface5.8.1.4. Writing the Server Class5.8.1.5. Writing the Client Class5.8.2. The rmic Tool5.8.3. The rmiregistry Tool5.8.4. Setting Up Servers and Clients5.8.4.1. What RMI Servers and Clients Need to Be Able to Do5.8.4.2. Our Environment5.8.4.3. Compiling and Running the Server5.8.4.4. Compiling and Running the Client5.8.5. RMI Summary5.9. The Java Debugger5.10. Return to the Source: The Java Decompiler5.11. Bundling a Java Program: Put it in a JAR5.11.1. Deploying Applications5.11.1.1. The Manifest File5.11.1.2. Putting a Compiled Application in a JAR File5.11.2. Basic jar Operation5.12. The Rest of the Toolkit5.13. Review5.14. What You Still Don’t Know5.15. Resources

6. The IBM Developer Kit for Linux, Java 2 Technology Edition
6.1. What You Will Learn6.2. Use Linux Features to Make Multiple Java SDKs Play Nicely Together6.2.1. Links6.2.1.1. Hard Links6.2.1.2. Symbolic Links, or Symlinks6.2.2. Switching Java Versions by Symlink6.3. How the IBM JDK Differs from the Sun JDK6.3.1. Performance6.3.2. Differences in the Commands6.3.3. IBM Classes6.4. What Are All These “_g” Versions?6.5. Review6.6. What You Still Don’t Know6.7. Resources
7. The GNU Compiler for Java (gcj)
7.1. What You Will Learn7.2. A Brand GNU Way7.3. The GNU Compiler Collection7.4. Compiling Our Simple Application with gcj7.4.1. Compiling FetchURL with gcj7.4.2. Compiling a Multiclass Program7.5. Options and Switches7.6. Reasons to Use gcj7.7. Reasons Not to Use gcj7.8. Review7.9. What You Still Don’t Know7.10. Resources
8. Know What You Have: CVS
8.1. What You Will Learn8.2. Source Control: Whys and Hows8.2.1. Setup8.2.2. Import8.2.3. Normal Use8.2.4. Update8.2.5. Merges8.2.6. Log8.2.7. cvs status8.2.8. cvs tag8.2.9. Branching Tags8.2.10. cvs export8.2.11. A Quick Look behind the Scenes8.3. A GUI: jCVS8.3.1. Installing jCVS8.4. Review8.5. What You Still Don’t Know8.6. Resources
9. Ant: An Introduction
9.1. What You Will Learn9.2. The Need for a Different Build Tool9.3. Obtaining and Installing Ant9.3.1. Installing a Binary Tarball9.3.1.1. Environment Variables9.3.2. Installing a Source Tarball9.4. A Sample Ant Buildfile9.4.1. XML for the Uninitiated9.4.2. The Buildfile Tags9.4.2.1. The project Tag9.4.2.2. The target Tag9.4.2.3. Properties9.4.2.4. TasksStandard task attributesThe javac taskThe jar taskThe javadoc taskThe copy and mkdir tasksThe rmic task9.4.2.5. Other TagsThe PatternSet, Include, and Exclude datatypesOther datatypes9.4.3. A Real, Live Buildfile9.4.3.1. Project Organization9.4.3.2. The build.xml File for Payback9.5. Review9.6. What You Still Don’t Know9.7. Resources
10. Integrated Development Environments
10.1. What You Will Learn10.2. NetBeans: The Open Source IDE10.2.1. A Brief History of NetBeans10.2.2. Installing NetBeans10.2.2.1. Downloading10.2.2.2. Installing10.2.2.3. Running10.2.3. Getting Around in NetBeans10.2.3.1. Filesystem versus Project10.2.3.2. Editing10.2.4. Integration with CVS10.2.5. Integration with Ant10.2.6. Other Add-on Tools10.3. SunONE Studio Community Edition10.4. Eclipse: The Source of SWT10.4.1. Selecting and Installing Eclipse10.4.2. Using Eclipse for a New Project10.4.3. Using Eclipse for an Existing Project10.4.4. Working with Eclipse10.5. Review10.6. What You Still Don’t Know10.7. Resources
II. Developing Business Logic
11. Balancing Acts: An Imaginary Scenario
11.1. What You Will Learn11.2. Statement of the Need11.3. How to Develop Software11.4. What Makes a Good Requirement11.5. Whom to Ask for Requirements11.6. Requirements for the Budget Application11.6.1. Monday Morning, 10 A.M.11.6.2. Back at His Desk11.7. Documenting, Prototyping, and Stakeholder Buy-In11.7.1. Documenting11.7.2. Stakeholder Buy-In11.7.3. Prototyping11.8. Review11.9. What You Still Don’t Know11.10. Resources11.11. Exercises
12. Analysis and Design: Seeking the Objects
12.1. What You Will Learn12.2. Facing the Blank Page12.3. Using CRC Cards12.4. Finding the Objects12.5. Finding the Methods and Attributes12.6. Essential and Nonessential12.7. Analysis Paralysis12.8. Real Software Engineering12.9. Core Classes12.10. Review12.11. What You Still Don’t Know12.12. Resources12.13. Exercises
13. JUnit: Automating Unit Testing
13.1. What You Will Learn13.2. JUnit: Why All the Fuss?13.3. Design Then Test Then Code13.4. Installing and Running JUnit13.4.1. Downloading and Unzipping13.4.2. Using JUnit13.5. Writing Test Cases13.5.1. JUnit Assertions13.5.2. Running a Test Case13.6. Running Test Suites13.7. Review13.8. What You Still Don’t Know13.9. Resources13.10. Exercises
14. Storing the Data
14.1. What You Will Learn14.2. Follow the Objects14.3. Of Persistence14.4. Thinking of the Future, or Painting in Corners14.5. Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL14.5.1. MySQL14.5.2. PostgreSQL14.5.3. Oracle14.5.4. Selection Criteria14.6. Being Self-Contained14.7. Beyond the Basics14.8. Persistence Is Not the Whole Story14.9. Setting Up PostgreSQL for BudgetPro14.9.1. Installing PostgreSQL14.9.2. Creating a postgres User14.9.3. Creating Our Database14.9.4. Straight JDBC14.9.4.1. Static Account Members14.9.4.2. Joining the User14.10. Review14.11. What You Still Don’t Know14.12. Resources14.13. Exercises
15. Accessing the Data: An Introduction to JDBC
15.1. What You Will Learn15.2. Introducing JDBC15.3. Making Connections15.3.1. Downloading JDBC for MySQL15.4. Querying Data15.5. Getting Results15.6. Updates, Inserts, Deletes15.7. Review15.8. What you Still Don’t Know15.9. Resources15.10. Exercises
III. Developing Graphical User Interfaces
16. Getting in the Swing of Things: Designing a GUI for BudgetPro
16.1. What You Will Learn16.2. A Simple Swing Program16.3. Stompin’ at the Savoy, or The Swing Paradigm16.4. Slow, Slow, Quick-Quick, Slow: The Basic Swing Objects16.5. Layout Managers16.6. Beyond Arthur Murray: Actions, Listeners, Events16.7. Getting Down to Cases: Designing a GUI for BudgetPro16.7.1. Overview16.7.1.1. Instance Variables16.7.1.2. Main16.7.2. Creating Pieces16.7.2.1. Simple JLabels16.7.2.2. FlowLayout16.7.2.3. BoxLayout16.7.2.4. JButtons16.7.2.5. Actions for Buttons16.7.2.6. The createStatus() Revisited16.7.2.7. JTable: The Workhorse of Data Display16.7.2.8. Table Model16.7.2.9. Renderers16.7.2.10. Selection Listeners16.7.2.11. Ready, aim, fire!16.7.2.12. Scrolling16.7.2.13. Dialogs16.8. Review16.9. What You Still Don’t Know16.10. Resources16.11. Exercises
17. Other Ways: Alternatives to Swing
17.1. What You Will Learn17.2. The IBM SWT Toolkit17.2.1. Another GUI Toolkit. Why?17.2.2. Duplicated Effort. Why Cover It?17.2.3. Portability: Better and Worse17.2.4. The Rest of the Chapter17.2.5. SWT: Close to the Metal17.2.6. “Hello, world” SWT Style17.2.6.1. Setting Up to Run an SWT Application17.2.6.2. Anatomy of an SWT Application17.3. Porting BudgetPro to SWT17.3.1. Step 1: Convert the Class Members17.3.2. Step 2: Converting the main() Method17.3.3. Step 3: Converting the GUI build() and init() Methods17.3.3.1. Converting the GUI build() Method17.3.3.2. Converting the GUI init() Method17.3.3.3. Reworking Event Handlers17.3.4. Completing the Conversion of the BudgetPro Class17.3.4.1. The Table, TableColumn, and TableItem Classes17.3.5. Completing the Conversion of the Application17.3.6. Closing Thoughts17.4. SWT and gcj17.5. Review17.6. What You Still Don’t Know17.7. Resources17.8. Exercises
IV. Developing Web Interfaces
18. Servlets: Java Pressed into Service
18.1. What You Will Learn18.2. Servlets: Program-Centric Server-Side Documents18.3. Perspective18.4. How to Write a Servlet18.5. Input, Output18.6. Matters of State: Cookies, Hidden Variables, and the Dreaded “Back” Button18.6.1. Cookies18.7. Designing a BudgetPro Servlet18.7.1. Prototype18.7.2. Design18.8. Review18.9. What You Still Don’t Know18.10. Resources18.11. Exercises
19. JSP: Servlets Turned Inside Out
19.1. What You Will Learn19.2. Servlets Turned Inside Out: JSP19.3. How to Write a JSP Application19.3.1. Scriptlet19.3.2. Declaration19.3.3. Expression19.3.4. Directive19.3.5. New Syntax19.3.6. JavaBeans in JSP19.3.7. Tag Libraries19.4. Using JSP with BudgetPro19.5. Review19.6. What You Still Don’t Know19.7. Resources19.8. Exercises
20. Open Source Web Application Servers
20.1. What You Will Learn20.2. Downloading JBoss20.3. Be an Enabler, or “Let’s Be Codependent!”20.3.1. Nonroot-Installed Software20.3.2. Finer Grained Control20.4. Installing JBoss20.5. Things That Make It Go20.5.1. System V Init System20.5.2. RedHat/Fedora chkconfig20.5.3. Other Distributions20.5.4. IDE Integration20.6. Disposition of Forces20.7. Apache Geronimo20.8. Installing Geronimo20.9. Running the Geronimo Server20.10. Review20.11. What You Still Don’t Know20.12. Resources
V. Developing Enterprise Scale Software
21. Introduction to Enterprise JavaBeans
21.1. What You Will Learn21.2. Expanding to EJBs21.2.1. EJB Concepts21.2.1.1. The Life Cycle of an Enterprise JavaBeanCreationDestructionPassivation and activationContext switching21.2.1.2. The EJB Container21.2.2. Bean Types21.2.2.1. Session BeansStateless Session BeansWhat they areWhy you would use themStateful Session BeansWhat they areWhy you would use them21.2.2.2. Entity BeansWhat they areWhy you would use them21.2.2.3. Message BeansWhat they areWhy you would use them21.2.3. Under the Hood21.3. What’s in a Name? An Introduction to JNDI21.3.1. Naming and Directory System Concepts21.3.2. Common Directory Services21.3.2.1. Domain Name Service (DNS)21.3.2.2. Filesystems21.3.2.3. LDAP21.3.2.4. Novell Directory Service (NDS)21.3.2.5. Microsoft’s Active Directory21.3.3. Putting a Face to a Name: JNDI21.3.3.1. A Sample JNDI ProgramThe GetDomain main() methodEstablishing an initial contextGoing from the initial context to a DNS entry21.3.3.2. Learning More about JNDI21.3.4. Using JNDI with JBoss21.4. Review21.5. What You Still Don’t Know21.6. Resources
22. Building an EJB
22.1. What You Will Learn22.2. EJBs: You Don’t Know Beans?22.2.1. SessionBean22.2.2. EJBObject22.2.3. EJBHome22.2.4. Summarizing the Pieces22.2.5. EJBLocalHome and EJBLocalObject22.2.6. Compiling Your Beans22.3. Review22.4. What You Still Don’t Know22.5. Resources
23. Deploying EJBs
23.1. What you Will Learn23.2. Lend Me Your EAR: Enterprise Packaging and Deployment23.2.1. What’s in an EJB-JAR File23.2.2. Using Our Bean23.2.3. Packaging the Servlet23.2.3.1. What is in the WAR File23.2.3.2. Weaving the Web23.2.3.3. Connecting the Pieces23.3. Deploying the EAR23.3.1. JBoss23.3.2. Geronimo23.4. Maintaining a Distributed Application23.4.1. Ant and CVS23.4.2. XDoclet23.5. Abstracting Legacy Applications23.6. Review23.7. What you Still Don’t Know23.8. Resources
24. Parting Shots
24.1. The Future’s So Bright, I Squint and Look Confused24.2. Our Book Is Yours24.3. Came the Revolution24.4. What You Still Don’t Know24.5. Resources
A. ASCII Chart
B. A Java Swing GUI for BudgetPro
C. GNU General Public License
PreambleTerms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution, and ModificationNo WarrantyHow to Apply these Terms to Your New Programs

Content preview from Java™ Application Development on Linux®

Chapter 18. Servlets: Java Pressed into Service

Java was first seen by many programmers as a way to enhance Web pages by adding some actual code to them, to be run in the browser. But the real power of Java was unleashed at the other end of the client-server connection, when Java was pressed into service on the Web server—to help serve up pages, sometimes of its own making, to Web clients all across an enterprise.

What You Will Learn

What servlets are.
How to write a simple servlet.
More complex servlet matters (servlet state).
An example—our BudgetPro application as a servlet.

Servlets: Program-Centric Server-Side Documents

Servlets are Java programs that are run by a Web server. At its simplest, a servlet is a Java class that is invoked by a Web server ...

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