September 2022
Intermediate to advanced
549 pages
11h 27m
Chinese
Content preview from 基于AWS的数据科学实践
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188
｜
第
5
章
5.7
使用
SageMaker Clarify
检测不同类别的数据
偏移问题
数据分布中的统计学变化，在统计学上通常被称为“移位”，在数据科学中被称为“偏
移”。有许多不同种类的偏移，包括“协变量偏移”“标签偏移”和“概念偏移”。
协变量偏移出现在模型输入的数据分布中（独立变量）。标签偏移出现在模型输出
的数据分布中（非独立变量）。概念偏移出现在标签的实际定义根据某些特征变化
的场景中，例如地理位置或年龄分组。
我们在全书中互换使用“偏移”和“移位”两个名词来表示统计学分布
的变化。如需了解分布偏移
/
移位的种类，请参见
d2l.ai
（
https://oreil.
ly/HjtbC
）。
让我们通过分析美国各地区对于“软饮料”的不同称呼来分析概念偏移。美国东部
地区将软饮料成为“
soda
”，中北部地区称为“
pop
”，南部地区称为“
coke
”。图
5-21
展示了与地理位置相关的标签变化（概念偏移）。
其他
图 5-21：美国软饮料名称的概念偏移。来源：
http://popvssoda.com
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.