Correlation measures the linear association strength between two numerical variables. The strength is expressed by the correlation coefficient which must be in the range of -1 to 1 inclusively. Given two variables X and Y, if they are positively correlated, then X and Y go in the same direction. For example, X is the daily temperature and Y is the ice cream sale. The higher the X, the larger the Y; or the lower the X, the smaller the Y. If X and Y are negatively correlated, then they go in the opposite directions. For example, the car mileage and car weight. ...
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