Low-cost Smart Antennas

6Compact MIMO Antenna Systems

6.1 Introduction

MIMO technology uses multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver to increase the channel throughput and achieve high data rate wireless communications by taking advantage of the space diversity. According to the Shannon–Hartley theorem, the maximum data rate where information can be transmitted over a communications channel is

(6.1)

where is the channel capacity in bits per second, is the bandwidth of the channel in hertz, and is the SNR. Considering a MIMO system with fixed linear matrix channel ( transmit and receive antennas) with additive white Gaussian noise, the MIMO capacity can be expressed as [1]

(6.2)

where is the average SNR and ...