The OSI model
No network book seems to be complete without first going over the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model. The model is a conceptional model that componentizes the telecommunication functions into different layers. The model defines seven layers, and each layer sits independently on top of another one, as long as they follow defined structures and characteristics. For example, the network layer, such as IP, can sit on top of different type of data link layer such as the Ethernet or frame relay. The OSI reference model is a good way to normalize different and diverse technologies into a set of common language that people can agree on. This greatly reduces the scope for parties working on the individual layers and allows them ...
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