book

Modern Graphics Communication, 5th Edition

by Shawna E. Lockhart, Marla Goodman, Cindy Johnson

January 2018

Intermediate to advanced

872 pages

35h 50m

English

Peachpit Press

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The Fifth EditionTeaching/Learning FeaturesAbout the AuthorOnline Resources
Chapter Opener“Spotlight” Sections“Foundations” Section“Detail” Section“Step by Step” Activities“CAD at Work”“Industry Case”“Portfolio”Solid Model Visualization ArtIllustrationsChapter ReviewChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding the Role of Technical Drawings1.1 Graphics Tools in Action1.2 Rapid Prototyping1.3 Drafting Standards1.4 Creativity Techniques1.5 Product Definition1.6 Showing the Design Process in a PortfolioKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter ExercisesReverse Engineering Projects
OverviewUnderstanding Projections2.1 Alphabet of Lines2.2 Freehand Lines2.3 Measurement Systems2.4 Drawing Scale2.5 Specifying the Scale on a Drawing2.6 Lettering2.7 Lettering Standards2.8 Using Guidelines for Hand Lettering2.9 Vertical and Inclined Letters and Numerals2.10 Fractions2.11 Spacing of Letters and Words2.12 Lettering for Titles2.13 Drawing Pencils2.14 Templates2.15 CAD Tools2.16 Sketching and Drawing Media2.17 Standard Sheets2.18 Standard Layout Elements2.19 Layouts2.20 Planning Your Drawing or SketchKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsReview QuestionsChapter Exercises

OverviewUnderstanding Solid ObjectsUnderstanding Sketching Techniques3.1 Technique of Lines3.2 Sketching Straight Lines3.3 Sketching Circles, Arcs, and Ellipses3.4 Maintaining Proportions3.5 One-View Drawings3.6 Pictorial Sketching3.7 Projection Methods3.8 Axonometric Projection3.9 Isometric Projection3.10 Isometric Drawings3.11 Making an Isometric Drawing3.12 Offset Location Measurements3.13 Hidden Lines and Centerlines3.14 Angles in Isometric3.15 Irregular Objects3.16 Curves in Isometric3.17 True Ellipses in Isometric3.18 Orienting Ellipses in Isometric Drawings3.19 Drawing Isometric Cylinders3.20 Screw Threads in Isometric3.21 Arcs in Isometric3.22 spheres in Isometric3.23 Oblique Sketches3.24 Length of Receding Lines3.25 Choice of Position in Oblique Drawings3.26 Ellipses for Oblique Drawings3.27 Angles in Oblique Projection3.28 Sketching Assemblies3.29 Sketching Perspectives3.30 Curves and Circles in Perspective3.31 Shading3.32 Computer Graphics3.33 Drawing on DrawingKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsReview QuestionsSketching Exercises
OverviewCoordinates for 3D CAD ModelingGeometric Entities4.1 Manually Bisecting a Line or Circular Arc4.2 Drawing Tangents to Two Circles4.3 Drawing an Arc Tangent to a Line or Arc and through a Point4.4 Bisecting an Angle4.5 Drawing a Line Through a Point and Parallel to a Line4.6 Drawing a Triangle with Sides Given4.7 Drawing a Right Triangle with Hypotenuse and One Side Given4.8 Laying Out an Angle4.9 Drawing an Equilateral Triangle4.10 Polygons4.11 Drawing a Regular Pentagon4.12 Drawing a Hexagon4.13 Ellipses4.14 Spline Curves4.15 Geometric Relationships4.16 Solid Primitives4.17 Recognizing Symmetry4.18 Extruded Forms4.19 Revolved Forms4.20 Irregular Surfaces4.21 User Coordinate Systems4.22 TransformationsKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsSkills SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewRefinement and ModelingKinds of Models5.1 2D Models5.2 3D Models5.3 Types of 3D Models5.4 Constraint-Based Modeling5.5 Constraints Define the Geometry5.6 Planning Parts for Design Flexibility5.7 Sketch Constraints5.8 The Base Feature5.9 Editing the Model5.10 Constraint-Based Modeling Modes5.11 Choosing the Right Modeling MethodKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Projections6.1 Hidden Line Technique6.2 Precedence of Lines6.3 Centerlines6.4 Laying Out a Drawing6.5 Developing Views From 3D Models6.6 Visualization6.7 Views of Surfaces6.8 Normal Surfaces6.9 Inclined Surfaces6.10 Oblique Surfaces6.11 Edges6.12 Normal Edges6.13 Inclined Edges6.14 Oblique Edges6.15 Parallel Edges6.16 Angles6.17 Vertices6.18 Interpreting Points6.19 Interpreting Lines6.20 Similar Shapes of Surfaces6.21 Interpreting Views6.22 Models6.23 Projecting a Third View6.24 Becoming a 3D VisualizerKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewPractices for 2D Documentation Drawings7.1 Visualizing and Drawing Complex Cylindrical Shapes7.2 Cylinders When Sliced7.3 Cylinders and Ellipses7.4 Intersections and Tangencies7.5 Fillets and Rounds7.6 Runouts7.7 Conventional Edges7.8 Necessary Views7.9 Partial Views7.10 Alignment of Views7.11 Removed Views7.12 Right-Hand and Left-Hand Parts7.13 Revolution ConventionsKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Sections8.1 Placement of Section Views8.2 Labeling Cutting Planes8.3 Line Precedence8.4 Rules for Lines in Section Views8.5 Cutting-Plane Line Style8.6 Section-Lining Technique8.7 Half Sections8.8 Broken Out Sections8.9 Revolved Sections8.10 Removed Sections8.11 Offset Sections8.12 Ribs in Section8.13 Aligned Sections8.14 Partial Views8.15 Intersections in Sections8.16 Conventional Breaks and Sections8.17 Assembly SectionsKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Auxiliary Views9.1 Using Triangles to Sketch Auxiliary Views9.2 Using Grid Paper to Sketch Auxiliary Views9.3 Using CAD to Create Auxiliary Views9.4 Circles and Ellipses in Auxiliary Views9.5 Hidden Lines in Auxiliary Views9.6 Partial Auxiliary Views9.7 Half Auxiliary Views9.8 Reverse Construction9.9 Auxiliary Sections9.10 Viewing-Plane Lines and Arrows9.11 Uses of Auxiliary Views9.12 True Length of a Line9.13 Point View of a Line9.14 Edge View of a Plane9.15 True Size of an Oblique Surface9.16 Dihedral AnglesUnderstanding Developments and Intersections9.17 Developments9.18 Hems and Joints for Sheet Metal and Other Materials9.19 More Examples of Developments and Intersections9.20 Transition Pieces9.21 Triangulation9.22 Developing a Transition Piece Connecting Rectangular Pipes on the Same Axis9.23 Developing a Plane and a Sphere9.24 Revolution9.25 Primary and Successive Revolutions9.26 True Length of a Line: Revolution MethodKey WordsWorksheetsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewDesign for Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly, and Service10.1 Assembly Models10.2 Assemblies and Design10.3 Assemblies and Simulation10.4 Parts for Assemblies10.5 Using Your Model to Check Fits10.6 Manufacturing Processes10.7 Dos and Don’ts of Practical Design10.8 Manufacturing Materials10.9 Appearance, Service Life, and Recycling10.10 Dimensional Accuracy and Surface Finish10.11 Net-Shape Manufacturing10.12 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing10.13 Shared Manufacturing10.14 Manufacturing Methods and the Drawing10.15 Modeling for Testing and Refinement10.16 Determining Mass Properties10.17 Exporting Data From the Database10.18 Downstream Applications10.19 Prototyping Your DesignKey WordsChapter SummarySkills SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Dimensioning11.1 Lines Used in Dimensioning11.2 Using Dimension and Extension Lines11.3 Arrowheads11.4 Leaders11.5 Drawing Scale and Dimensioning11.6 Direction of Dimension Values and Notes11.7 Dimension Units11.8 Millimeter Values11.9 Decimal-Inch Values11.10 Rules for Dimension Values11.11 Rules for Rounding Decimal Dimension Values11.12 Dual Dimensioning11.13 Combination Units11.14 Dimensioning Symbols11.15 Placing and Showing Dimensions Legibly11.16 Superfluous Dimensions11.17 Dimensioning Angles11.18 Dimensioning Arcs11.19 Fillets and Rounds11.20 Size Dimensioning: Prisms11.21 Size Dimensioning: Cylinders11.22 Size Dimensioning: Holes11.23 Applying Standard Dimensioning Symbols11.24 Dimensioning Counterbores and Spotfaces with Fillets11.25 Dimensioning Triangular Prisms, Pyramids, and Cones11.26 Dimensioning Curves11.27 Dimensioning Curved Surfaces11.28 Dimensioning Rounded-End Shapes11.29 Dimensioning Threads11.30 Dimensioning Tapers11.31 Dimensioning Chamfers11.32 Shaft Centers11.33 Dimensioning Keyways11.34 Dimensioning Knurls11.35 Finish Marks11.36 Surface Roughness11.37 Location Dimensions11.38 Mating Dimensions11.39 Coordinate Dimensioning11.40 Tabular Dimensions11.41 Dimensioning for Numerically-Controlled Machining11.42 Machine, Pattern, and Forging Dimensions11.43 Sheet Metal Bends11.44 Notes11.45 Standards11.46 Dos and Don’ts of DimensioningKey WordsWorksheetsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Tolerance12.1 Specifying Tolerances12.2 General Tolerance Notes12.3 Limit Tolerances12.4 Plus-or-Minus Tolerances12.5 Tolerance Stacking12.6 Using American National Standard Limits and Fit Tables12.7 Tolerances and Machining Processes12.8 Metric System of Tolerances and Fits12.9 Preferred Sizes12.10 Preferred Fits12.11 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing12.12 Symbols for Tolerances of Position and Form12.13 Datum Features12.14 Positional Tolerances12.15 Maximum Material Condition12.16 Tolerances of Angles12.17 Form Tolerances for Single Features12.18 Orientations for Related Features12.19 Using Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing12.20 Tolerances and Digital Product Definition12.21 Computer GraphicsKey WordsChapter SummaryWorksheetsReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Threads and Fasteners13.1 Thread Notes13.2 External Thread Symbols13.3 Internal Thread Symbols13.4 Detailed Representation: Metric, Unified, and American National Threads13.5 Threads in Assembly13.6 Modeling Thread13.7 American National Standard Pipe Threads13.8 Use of Phantom Lines13.9 Tapped Holes13.10 Bolts, Studs, and Screws13.11 Standard Bolts and Nuts13.12 Drawing Standard Bolts13.13 Specifications for Bolts and Nuts13.14 Locknuts and Locking Devices13.15 Standard Cap Screws13.16 Standard Machine Screws13.17 Standard Set Screws13.18 American National Standard Wood Screws13.19 Miscellaneous Fasteners13.20 Keys13.21 Machine Pins13.22 Rivets13.23 Springs13.24 Drawing Helical Springs13.25 Modeling SpringsKey WordsWorksheetsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
Overview14.1 Subassemblies14.2 Identification14.3 Parts Lists14.4 Assembly Sections14.5 Working Drawing Assembly14.6 Installation Assemblies14.7 Check Assemblies14.8 Working Drawing Formats14.9 Drawing Numbers14.10 Zoning14.11 Checking Drawings14.12 Drawing Revisions14.13 Simplifying Drawings14.14 Patent DrawingsKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Axonometric Projection15.1 Dimetric Projection15.2 Approximate Dimetric DrawingS15.3 Trimetric Projection15.4 Trimetric Scales15.5 Trimetric Ellipses15.6 Axonometric Projection Using Intersections15.7 Computer Graphics15.8 Oblique Projections15.9 Ellipses for Oblique Drawings15.10 Offset Measurements15.11 Oblique Dimensioning15.12 Computer GraphicsKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
OverviewUnderstanding Perspectives16.1 Perspective From a Multiview Projection16.2 Nonrotated Side View Method for Perspective16.3 Drawing an Angular Perspective16.4 Position of the Station Point16.5 Location of the Picture Plane16.6 Bird’s-Eye View or Worm’s-Eye View16.7 The Three Types of Perspectives16.8 One-Point Perspective16.9 One-Point Perspective of a Cylindrical Shape16.10 Two-Point Perspective16.11 Three-Point Perspective16.12 Measurements in Perspective16.13 Direct Measurements Along Inclined Lines16.14 Vanishing Points of Inclined Lines16.15 Inclined Lines in Perspective, Joining Endpoint Method16.16 Curves and Circles in Perspective16.17 The Perspective Plan Method16.18 Perspective Diagram16.19 Shading16.20 Computer GraphicsKey WordsChapter SummaryReview QuestionsChapter Exercises
1 Useful Formulas for Geometric Entities2 Running and Sliding Fits—American National Standard3 Clearance Locational Fits—American National Standard4 Transition Locational Fits—American National Standard5 Interference Locational Fits—American National Standard6 Force and Shrink Fits—American National Standard7 International Tolerance Grades8 Preferred Metric Hole Basis Clearance Fits—American National Standard9 Preferred Metric Hole Basis Transition and Interference Fits—American National Standard10 Preferred Metric Shaft Basis Clearance Fits— American National Standard11 Preferred Metric Shaft Basis Transition and Interference Fits—American National Standard12 Screw Threads, American National, Unified, and Metric13 Twist Drill Sizes—American National Standard and Metric14 Acme Threads, General Purpose15 Bolts, Nuts, and Cap Screws—Square and Hexagon— American National Standard and Metric16 Cap Screws, Slotted and Socket Head—American National Standard and Metric17 Machine Screws—American National Standard and Metric18 Keys—Square, Flat, Plain Taper, and Gib Head19 Screw Threads, Square and Acme20 Woodruff Keys—American National Standard21 Woodruff Key Sizes for Different Shaft Diameters22 Pratt and Whitney Round-End Keys23 Washers, Plain—American National Standard24 Washers, Lock—American National Standard25 Wire Gage Standards26 Taper Pins—American National Standard27 Cotter Pins—American National Standard28 Form and Proportion of Datum Symbols29 Form and Proportion of Geometric Characteristic Symbols30 Form and Proportion of Geometric Dimensioning Symbols31 Form and Proportion of Modifying Symbols32 Form and Proportion of Dimensioning Symbols and Letters33 Comparison of Symbols34 Types of Scales35 Additional Geometric constructions
Worksheet 1 Practice sketching freehand linesWorksheet 2 Measurements and ScaleWorksheet 3 Vertical lettering practiceWorksheet 4 1/8 inch lettering practiceWorksheet 5 Using Negative SpaceWorksheet 6 Sketching circles and ellipsesWorksheet 7 Practicing line and curve techniqueWorksheet 8 Blocking in the irregular objectWorksheet 9 Sketching to ScaleWorksheet 10 Sketching an isometric pictorialWorksheet 11 Sketching curved shapes in isometricWorksheet 12 Creating an oblique sketch of an objectWorksheet 13 Using Boolean operatorsWorksheet 14 The Glass BoxWorksheet 15 Transferring Depth DimensionsWorksheet 16 Blocking a multiview drawingWorksheet 17 Practice with hidden linesWorksheet 18 Projecting inclined surfacesWorksheet 19 Practice with centerlinesWorksheet 20 Sketching Full SectionsWorksheet 21 Sketching Full SectionsWorksheet 22 Sketching a full sectionWorksheet 23 Sketching a half sectionWorksheet 24 Creating an aligned sectionWorksheet 25 The auxiliary view glass boxWorksheet 26 Plotting curvesWorksheet 27 Developing a prismWorksheet 28 Developing a cylinderWorksheet 29 DimensioningWorksheet 30 DimensioningWorksheet 31 DimensioningWorksheet 32 Dimensioning techniqueWorksheet 33 Determining allowances and clearancesWorksheet 34 Sketching dimensions with tolerancesWorksheet 35 Sketching thread symbols

Content preview from Modern Graphics Communication, 5th Edition

FIFTH EDITION

Modern Graphics Communication

Engineers, technicians, and designers need to master a variety of graphical communication techniques, from sketching concepts, like these backpack designs, to creating detailed three-dimensional models suitable for analysis of design features. (Courtesy of André Cotan.)

About this Book

Modern Graphics Communication presents practices and techniques of sketching, visualization, design, and CAD that are important to today’s graphics curriculum. Based on the long-standing authoritative text on the subject, Giesecke’s Technical Drawing, this text preserves the time-tested graphics techniques that remain ...