2.1 Mathematical Expectation2.2 What Is Risk?2.3 Expected Return2.4 Risk of a Security2.5 Covariance of Returns2.6 Correlation of Returns2.7 Using Historical Returns2.8 Data Input Requirements2.9 Portfolio Weights2.10 A Portfolio's Expected Return2.11 Portfolio Risk2.12 Summary of Notations and FormulasNotes