The dynamic properties of a physical system can be described in terms of ordinary differential, partial differential, and difference equations, or any combination of these subjects. In addition, the systems can be time-varying, time-invariant and/or time-delayed, and continuous or discrete systems. These equations are often nonlinear in one way or the other and it is rarely possible to find their solutions. Numerical solutions for such nonlinear dynamic systems with an analog or digital computer are impractical. This is due to the fact that a complete solution must be carried out for
every possible initial condition in the solution space. Graphical techniques, which can be employed for finding the solutions for special cases of first- ...
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