3.1 Introductory Example3.2 Rank-Based Analyses3.2.1 Wilcoxon Test for Stochastic Ordering of Alternatives3.2.2 Analyses for a Shift in Location3.2.3 Analyses Based on General Score Functions3.2.4 Linear Regression Model3.3 Sign Scores Two-Sample Analysis3.3.1 Mood's Median Test3.3.2 Estimation of the Shift in Location3.4 Adjustments for Ties3.5 Scale Problem3.6 Placement Test for the Behrens–Fisher Problem3.6.1 Estimation of a Shift Parameter, Δ3.6.2 Classical Behrens–Fisher Model3.7 Efficiency and Optimal Scores3.7.1 Efficiency3.8 Adaptive Rank Scores Tests3.9 Power and Sample Size Determination for Rank-Based Tests3.9.1 Power of Rank-Based Tests3.9.2 Sample Size Determination3.10 k-Nearest Neighbors and Cross-Validation3.11 Kaplan–Meier and Log-Rank Test3.11.1 Gehan's Test3.11.2 Composite Outcomes3.12 Exercises