1 Introduction
After years of mentoring undergraduate student research projects, it is clear that the most popular projects are applied in nature. It is also true that most “real-world” problems can not be solved explicitly. That is, we cannot find a nice, neat formula to solve the problem. Because of this, we must use numerical techniques to determine a close approximation to the solution of the problem of interest. These techniques often require us to repeat a process hundreds or thousands of times in order for the approximation to be “close enough” to the actual solution or for the approximation to evolve for the desired length of time. In addition to such repeated processes, we also frequently need to handle large amounts of data or manipulate ...
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