November 2024
Intermediate to advanced
270 pages
7h 37m
French
Content preview from Outillage Python hypermoderne
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Chapitre 3. Paquets Python
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Dans ce chapitre, tu apprendras à empaqueter tes projets Python pour les distribuer. Un paquet est un fichier unique contenant une archive de ton code ainsi que des métadonnées qui le décrivent, comme le nom et la version du projet.
Note
Les gens de Python utilisent le mot paquet pour deux concepts distincts . Les paquets d'importationsont des modules qui contiennent d'autres modules. Les paquets de distribution sont des fichiers d'archive permettant de distribuer le logiciel Python - ils font l'objet de ce chapitre.
Tu peux installer un paquet dans un environnement Python à l'aide d'un installateur de paquet comme pip. Tu peux aussi le télécharger dans un dépôt de paquets pour en faire profiter d'autres personnes. La Python Software Foundation (PSF) gère un dépôt de paquets connu sous le nom de Python Package Index (PyPI). Si ton paquetage se trouve sur PyPI, n'importe qui peut l'installer en passant son nom de projet à pip install.
L'empaquetage de ton projet facilite son partage avec d'autres, mais il y a un autre avantage. Lorsque tu installes ton paquetage, il devient un citoyen de première classe d'unenvironnement Python :
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L'interprète importe tes modules depuis l'environnement - plutôt que depuis un répertoire arbitraire de ton système de fichiers, ce qui peut fonctionner ou non selon la façon dont tu invoques ...
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