July 2000
Beginner
446 pages
12h 53m
English
Content preview from Perl for System AdministrationBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Stateful and Stateless Data
In addition to the format in which the log file presents its data, it is important to think about the contents of these files because what the data represents and how it is represented both contribute to our plan of attack when programming. With log file contents, often a distinction can be made between data that is stateful and data that is stateless. Let’s see a couple of examples that will make this distinction clear.
Here’s a three-line snippet from an Apache web server log. Each line represents a request answered by the web server:
esnet-118.dynamic.rpi.edu - - [13/Dec/1998:00:04:20 -0500] "GET home/u1/tux/ tuxedo05.gif HTTP/1.0" 200 18666 ppp-206-170-3-49.okld03.pacbell.net - - [13/Dec/1998:00:04:21 -0500] "GET home/u2/news.htm HTTP/1.0" 200 6748 ts007d39.ftl-fl.concentric.net - - [13/Dec/1998:00:04:22 -0500] "GET home/u1/bgc.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 -
Here are a few lines from a printer daemon log file:
Aug 14 12:58:46 warhol printer: cover/door open Aug 14 12:58:58 warhol printer: error cleared Aug 14 17:16:26 warhol printer: offline or intervention needed Aug 14 17:16:43 warhol printer: error cleared Aug 15 20:40:45 warhol printer: paper out Aug 15 20:40:48 warhol printer: error cleared
In both cases, each line of the log file is independent of every other line in the file. We can find patterns or aggregate lines together gathering statistics, but there’s nothing inherent in the data that connects the log file entries to each other.
Now consider some slightly ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.