book

Polymer Composites in the Aerospace Industry

by P. E. Irving, Costas Soutis

September 2014

Intermediate to advanced

536 pages

17h 50m

English

Woodhead Publishing

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1.1. Introduction1.2. Analysis and design1.3. Manufacturing techniques1.4. Applications in aircraft construction1.5. Conclusion
2.1. Introduction2.2. Architecture of a woven unit cell2.3. Stiffness modelling: method of inclusions2.4. Stress and strength modelling: finite element (FE) analysis2.5. Conclusion

3.1. Introduction3.2. Key property and process requirements3.3. Prepreg/autoclave processes3.4. Filament winding3.5. Automated prepreg processes: automated fibre placement and automated tape layup3.6. Resin-infusion processes3.7. Process monitoring3.8. Conclusions
4.1. Introduction4.2. Elastic properties of laminates4.3. Buckling analysis4.4. Buckling optimization of straight fibre laminates4.5. Variable angle fibres using continuous tow shearing4.6. Compression after impact and damage tolerance4.7. Conclusion
5.1. Introduction5.2. Defects in composite materials5.3. Modelling with defects5.4. Implications on cost-effective manufacturing5.5. Mechanics-based analysis of defects5.6. Summary
6.1. Introduction6.2. Definition of structural elements6.3. Modeling approaches6.4. Woven composite materials6.5. Modeling effect of anomalies6.6. Future trends6.7. Sources of further information and advice
7.1. Introduction7.2. Fatigue behavior of continuous fiber composites under multiaxial loading7.3. Fatigue behavior of continuous fiber reinforced composites under multiaxial loading7.4. Multiaxial fatigue ratio7.5. Fatigue life prediction criteria7.6. Comments on life prediction criteria and damage mechanics7.7. Conclusions
8.1. Introduction8.2. Applications of fracture mechanics of fibre-reinforced polymer-matrix (FRP) composites in aerospace8.3. Fracture mechanics test methods for FRP composites8.4. Fracture mechanics test data for selected FRP composites8.5. Fracture mechanics testing of non-unidirectional FRP composites8.6. Fracture mechanics testing under aerospace environmental conditions8.7. Conclusions and future trends
9.1. Introduction9.2. Nature of damage9.3. Residual strength9.4. Post-impact fatigue behaviour of polymer composite laminates9.5. Prediction of impact damage extent, residual strength and post-impact fatigue9.6. The damage-resistant structure: designing against impact and fatigue9.7. Damage tolerance9.8. Conclusions and future trends
10.1. Introduction10.2. Crashworthy design concepts for aircraft structures10.3. Design of composite structural elements under crash loads10.4. Design and crash test of composite helicopter frame structure10.5. Conclusions and future trends
11.1. Introduction11.2. Finite element model11.3. Analysis of single-bolt joints11.4. Analysis of multi-bolt joints11.5. Failure analysis of joints11.6. Future trends11.7. Conclusions11.8. Further sources of information
12.1. Introduction12.2. Moisture absorption12.3. Moisture sensitivity of matrix resins12.4. Mechanism of moisture retention in aerospace epoxies12.5. Anomalous effects12.6. Thermal spiking12.7. Thermo-mechanical response of resins12.8. Effect of moisture on composite performance12.9. Fibre-dominated properties12.10. Nonaqueous environments12.11. Composite unidirectional properties12.12. Conclusions
13.1. Introduction13.2. Characteristics of explosions in air13.3. Paradigms of blast protection13.4. Explosion loading of fuselage structures13.5. The blast performance of plain composites13.6. The blast performance of multilayered systems13.7. Conclusions
14.1. Introduction14.2. Assessment of repair and non-destructive tests14.3. Repair14.4. Typical repair procedure14.5. Analysis of repair14.6. Conclusion and future trends
15.1. Introduction15.2. Types of composite damage15.3. Damage in sandwich composites and in adhesive joints15.4. NDT, NDI, and NDE methods for polymer composite structures15.5. Probability of detection15.6. Visual and tap testing15.7. Ultrasonic testing15.8. Thermography15.9. Shearography15.10. Radiography15.11. Electromagnetic methods15.12. Bond inspection15.13. Summary and conclusions
16.1. Introduction16.2. Conventional resistance strain gauges16.3. Fiber optics sensors16.4. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors16.5. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS)16.6. Electrical properties sensors16.7. SHM systems16.8. Local-area active sensing with electromechanical impedance spectroscopy16.9. Active sensing SHM: electrical methods16.10. Direct methods for impact damage detection16.11. Conclusions