Python 3 Object-Oriented Programming - Third Edition

The observer pattern

The observer pattern is useful for state monitoring and event handling situations. This pattern allows a given object to be monitored by an unknown and dynamic group of observer objects.

Whenever a value on the core object changes, it lets all the observer objects know that a change has occurred, by calling an update() method. Each observer may be responsible for different tasks whenever the core object changes; the core object doesn't know or care what those tasks are, and the observers don't typically know or care what other observers are doing.

Here it is in UML: