May 2026
Intermediate
418 pages
5h 50m
Chinese
Content preview from Python for Excel (Chinese Edition), 2nd Edition
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附录 B. Excel 中的Copilot
自 2022 年 11 月 30 日 OpenAI 发布 ChatGPT 以来，世界便发生了翻天覆地的变化。ChatGPT 是一款基于人工智能（AI）的聊天机器人，几乎对任何问题都能给出答案——尽管答案未必总是正确的。 更具体地说，ChatGPT 采用生成式人工智能（GenAI），这意味着它能够处理并生成文本、图像或声音等内容。为了处理包括代码在内的文本内容，生成式人工智能依赖于所谓的大语言模型（LLM）。简而言之，LLM 是一种基于海量文本数据进行训练的神经网络。
尽管微软是 OpenAI 的投资者之一，但他们仍以Copilot 为名推出了自己的 AI 产品。Excel 版 Copilot 的首个稳定版本于 2024 年 9 月发布，因此仍处于早期阶段，Excel 版 Copilot 预计将以迅猛的速度发展。
本附录将概述微软推出的不同版本Copilot，并介绍prompt工程的基本概念。我们还将探讨在Excel中使用Copilot的系统要求，以及如何在代理模式下操作。
Copilot 产品家族
Copilot是 微软为其AI工具套件命名的品牌，包含Microsoft Copilot、Microsoft 365 Copilot和GitHub Copilot：
- Microsoft Copilot
-
Microsoft Copilot是一款基于网页的人工智能助手（ ）。在 Windows 11 系统中，它还作为预装应用提供。您可以上传 Excel 工作簿，并向 Copilot 询问其数据相关的问题。在此应用场景下，Microsoft Copilot 面临众多竞争对手，包括ChatGPT、Gemini、Claude 或DeepSeek。
- Microsoft 365 Copilot
-
Microsoft 365 Copilot已集成到 Word 和 Excel 等 Office 产品中，可与相应的 Office 应用程序直接交互。Excel 中的实现被称为“Excel 中的 Copilot”。
- GitHub Copilot
-
GitHub是一个用于托管代码的平台（实际上，本书的配套代码库就托管于此），并于2018年被微软收购。微软在ChatGPT问世前八个月就推出了GitHub Copilot，但直到2023年7月才添加了聊天界面。您可以直接从代码库或其主页访问GitHub Copilot。不过最重要的是，它已集成到VS Code或PyCharm等代码编辑器中。
在接下来的“ ”章节中，我们将探讨一些适用于所有 AI 工具的实用指南，包括 Copilot 的各种实现形式。
提示词工程
中的术语“prompt工程”通常用于描述向Copilot等AI工具提出恰当问题的技巧。以下指南将帮助您成为更优秀的prompt工程师：
- 提供具体且明确的上下文
-
通常情况下，prompt 中的上下文信息越丰富，生成的结果就越好。例如，若希望输出结果为 Excel 表格，应在 prompt 中明确说明。大多数 AI 工具都提供存储自定义指令的功能，这些指令会在每次生成 prompt 时被纳入考量。Excel 中的 Copilot 可在 “设置 >个性化 > 自定义指令” 中进行设置。 一个结构良好的 prompt 应包含角色、任务、要求和输出，例如：“你是财务分析师的 Excel 助手（角色）。在 Excel 表格‘Sales’中添加一个名为‘Total Revenue’的新列（任务）。仅使用内置公式，不使用 VBA（要求）。确保新列是现有表格‘Sales’的一部分（输出）。” ...
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