May 2026
Intermediate
418 pages
5h 50m
Chinese
Content preview from Python for Excel (Chinese Edition), 2nd Edition
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第 9 章 Python 驱动的 Excel 工具
本作品已使用人工智能进行翻译。欢迎您提供反馈和意见：translation-feedback@oreilly.com
在上一章中，我们学习了如何编写 Python 脚本以实现 Microsoft Excel 的自动化。虽然这非常强大，但用户必须能够熟练使用终端、VS Code 或 Jupyter 笔记本来运行这些脚本。如果您将这些工具提供给业务用户，情况很可能并非如此。对于他们来说，您需要隐藏 Python 部分，使 Excel 工具再次感觉像一个普通的启用了宏的工作簿。 本章将向您展示如何利用 xlwings 实现这一目标。我将首先介绍在 Excel 中运行 Python 代码的最简方法，然后探讨部署 xlwings 工具所面临的挑战——这也将使我们能够更详细地了解 xlwings 提供的配置选项。与上一章一样，本章要求您在 Windows 或 macOS 系统上安装了 Microsoft Excel。
将 Excel 用作前端
前端是指应用程序中用户可见并可与其交互的部分。前端的其他常见名称包括图形用户界面（GUI）或简称为用户界面（UI）。当我询问xlwings用户为何选择Excel而非现代Web应用时，答案通常是：“Excel是我们用户所熟悉的界面。” 依托电子表格单元格，用户能够快速直观地输入数据，这往往比使用功能不完善的网页界面更能提升工作效率。 本节首先将向您介绍 xlwings 加载项和 xlwings CLI（命令行界面），随后通过quickstart命令创建我们的第一个项目。最后，我将向您展示从 Excel 调用 Python 代码的两种方法：点击加载项中的“运行主程序”按钮，以及使用 VBA 中的RunPython函数。让我们从安装 xlwings 加载项开始吧！
xlwings 加载项
若要让 在Excel中调用Python脚本，您需要安装Excel加载项，或将工作簿设置为独立运行模式。我将在“部署”章节中介绍独立运行模式，因此本节重点介绍加载项。要安装加载项，请在终端中运行以下命令：
Windows（终端）
cd %userprofile%\python-for-excel-2e uv run xlwings addin install
macOS（终端）
cd ~/python-for-excel-2e uv run xlwings addin install
重新配置现有的 xlwings 加载项
若您在 Excel 中已通过先前安装拥有 xlwings 加载项，请额外运行以下命令，将加载项指向我们在第 2 章中创建的 Python 环境：
uv run xlwings config create --force
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.