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Python和NLTK实现自然语言处理
book

Python和NLTK实现自然语言处理

by Posts & Telecom Press, Nitin Hardeniya
February 2024
Intermediate to advanced
649 pages
9h 58m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from Python和NLTK实现自然语言处理

译者序

不下雪的日子,渥太华一片喧闹。2018年4月的雪刚刚化去,5月的郁金香节姗姗来迟,举目望去,大片大片的郁金香花把渥太华装点得五彩缤纷,绚烂多姿,生机盎然。在阳光的照射下,各色的郁金香花芬芳吐蕊、娇艳妩媚,令人陶醉和流连忘返。郁金香的芬芳还未散去,渥太华就迎来了“炎天暑月”的夏季,说是夏季,气温却很少超过30℃,此时,蛰伏了一个冬天的加拿大人,经受不住太阳的诱惑,蜂拥出动,三五成群地在里多运河的沙滩上玩耍嬉戏,好不自在。门户开放日(Doors Open Ottawa)、爵士音乐节、马拉松,各种活动精彩纷呈。正如鲁迅所说,越是民族的,就越是世界的。世界各地的移民带着自己家乡的文化和节日来到了渥太华。例如,中国的龙舟节成了这里的盛典,同时各个民族的人民也各自庆祝自己的节日,如夏至原住居民节等。

加拿大是个移民国家,在这里,既可以看到不同的民族着装,也可以看到迥异的服饰风格。在不同的文化中,对个性的定义也各不相同,因此即使使用同一个词来形容一个人,也具有不同的韵味。作为中国人,我的思想不偏不倚,因此对各种奇装异服也就抱着听之任之的态度。我既欣赏热情奔放,也不排斥含蓄典雅。但是,对于计算机而言,要体察到语言的深层次含义,可谓“蜀道难,难于上青天”。本书介绍了如何编写能够理解人类语言的系统。

在翻译此书时,我想起了“通天塔”(The Tower of Babel)的故事。在《旧约》中,巴比伦人(Babylonian)想建造一座通天塔,但是上帝对此感到不满,因此借由变乱了人类的语言,使他们互相不能交流,破坏了这一工程。长久以来,人们一直在寻找不同语言之间的沟通方法。在20世纪三四十年代,凭借计算机的计算能力,人们开始了机器翻译的伟大尝试。这80多年来,人们在自然语言处理方面前赴后继,各个国家你追我赶,都想在这一领域拔得头筹,再造一座通天塔。直至最近,人类才第一次看到了梦想的曙光。市面上也出现了各种机器翻译的软件,极大提高了人类译者的工作效率。这些软件具有可用性和市场价值。但是,机器翻译只是自然语言处理领域一个非常小的应用部分。自然语言处理其实包罗万象,让人眼花缭乱。其应用还包括问答系统、情感分析、图片题注、语音识别、词性标注、命名实体识别等。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781835083451