Quantum Computing by Practice: Python Programming in the Cloud with Qiskit and IBM-Q

Appendix: Exercise Answers

Chapter 1

1. 1.

   Lord Kelvin. 1900.

    
2. 2.

   Max Planck. The ultraviolet catastrophe.

    
3. 3.
   A gnuplot program:

   set term jpeg

   set termoption enhanced

   set encoding utf8

   # save as JPEG

   set output 'uvc.jpg'

   unset key

   set tics nomirror out

   set border 3

   set xrange [0:3]

   set yrange [0:15]

   set ylabel "Spectral radiance" # (kW • sr-¹ • m-² • nm-¹)"

   set xlabel "Wavelength (μm)"

   set label "Planck 5000K" at 0.3,13.1

   set label "4000 K" at 0.6,4.55

   set label "3000 K" at 0.8,1.4

   set label "Rayleigh-Jeans (5000K)" at 1.1,11

   set grid lc rgb "light-blue"

   # length unit is micrometers

   c=3e14 # speed of light

   h=6.626e-22 # Planck constant

   k=1.38e-11 # Boltzmann constant

   # Planck curves at 3000, 4000, and 5000K

   p1(x)=1e-6*2*h*c**2/(x**5*(exp(h*c/(x*k*3000))-1)) ...