Table 4-1 shows the main printable characters you can access in RTF, as defined by the ANSI character set (also known as Code Page 1252, which is basically Latin-1 with some characters added between 128 and 159). Accessing Unicode characters is explained in the Character Formatting section of Chapter 1.
Note that while RTF escapes (\'xx
) are valid for all characters, the only characters that have to be escaped are these three characters: {
, }
, and \
, plus all the characters over code 127.
Table 4-1. ASCII-RTF character chart
ASCII code | RTF escape | Character | Character name |
---|---|---|---|
0â31 | Â | Â | Control characters; do not use |
32 | \â20 | Â | Space |
33 | \â21 | ! | Exclamation mark |
34 | \â22 | " | Double quote |
35 | \â23 | # | Number |
36 | \â24 | $ | Dollar |
37 | \â25 | % | Percent |
38 | \â26 | & | Ampersand |
39 | \â27 | ' | Apostrophe |
40 | \â28 | ( | Left parenthesis |
41 | \â29 | ) | Right parenthesis |
42 | \â2a | * | Asterisk |
43 | \â2b | + | Plus sign |
44 | \â2c | , | Comma |
45 | \â2d | - | Hyphen (use \_ for nonbreaking hyphen) |
46 | \â2e | . | Period |
47 | \â2f | / | Slash |
48â57 | \â30â\â39 | 0â9 | Digits 0â9 |
58 | \â3a | : | Colon |
59 | \â3b | ; | Semicolon |
60 | \â3c | < | Less-than sign |
61 | \â3d | = | Equals sign |
62 | \â3e | > | Greater-than sign |
63 | \â3f | ? | Question mark |
64 | \â40 | @ | Commercial at sign |
65 | \â41 | A | Â |
66 | \â42 | B | Â |
67 | \â43 | C | Â |
68 | \â44 | D | Â |
69 | \â45 | E | Â |
70 | \â46 | F | Â |
71 | \â47 | G | Â |
72 | \â48 | H | Â |
73 | \â49 | I | Â |
74 | \â4a | J | Â |
75 | \â4b | K | Â |
76 | \â4c | L | Â |
77 | \â4d | M | Â |
78 | \â4e | N | Â |
79 | \â4f | O | Â |
80 | \â50 | P | Â |
81 | \â51 | Q | Â |
82 | \â52 | R | Â |
83 | \â53 | S | Â |
84 | \â54 | T | Â |
85 | \â55 | U | Â |
86 | \â56 | V | Â |
87 | \â57 | W | Â |
88 | \â58 | X | Â |
89 | \â59 | Y | Â |
90 | \â5a | Z | Â |
91 | \â5b | [ | Left square bracket |
92 | \â5c | \ | Backslash |
93 | \â5d | ] | Right square bracket |
94 | \â5e | ^ | Caret |
95 | \â5f | _ | Underscore |
96 | \â60 | ` | Grave accent |
97 | \â61 | a | Â |
98 | \â62 | b | Â |
99 | \â63 | c | Â |
100 | \â64 | d | Â |
101 | \â65 | e | Â |
102 | \â66 | f | Â |
103 | \â67 | g | Â |
104 | \â68 | h | Â |
105 | \â69 | i | Â |
106 | \â6a | j | Â |
107 | \â6b | k | Â |
108 | \â6c | l | Â |
109 | \â6d | m | Â |
110 | \â6e | n | Â |
111 | \â6f | o | Â |
112 | \â70 | p | Â |
113 | \â71 | q | Â |
114 | \â72 | r | Â |
115 | \â73 | s | Â |
116 | \â74 | t | Â |
117 | \â75 | u | Â |
118 | \â76 | v | Â |
119 | \â77 | w | Â |
120 | \â78 | x | Â |
121 | \â79 | y | Â |
122 | \â7a | z | Â |
123 | \â7b | { | Left curly brace |
124 | \â7c | | | Vertical bar |
125 | \â7d | } | Right curly brace |
126 | \â7e | ~ | Tilde |
127 | \â7f | Â | Delete character; do not use |
128 | \â80 | Euro character | |
129 | \â81 | Â | Unassigned |
130 | \â82 | ͵ | Low left single quote |
131 | \â83 | Æ | Florin |
132 | \â84 | ,, | Low left double quote |
133 | \â85 | ... | Ellipsis |
134 | \â86 | â | Dagger |
135 | \â87 | â¡ | Double dagger |
136 | \â88 | â | Circumflex |
137 | \â89 | â° | Permil |
138 | \â8a | Å | S-caron |
139 | \â8b | â¹ | Single left guillemet |
140 | \â8c | Å | OE-ligature |
141 | \â8d | Â | Unassigned |
142 | \â8e | Ž | Z-caron |
143 | \â8f | Â | Unassigned |
144 | \â90 | Â | Unassigned |
145 | \â91 | â | Left single quote |
146 | \â92 | â | Right single quote |
147 | \â93 | â | Left double quote |
148 | \â94 | â | Right double quote |
149 | \â95 | ⢠| Bullet |
150 | \â96 | â | En dash |
151 | \â97 | â | Em dash |
152 | \â98 | ~ | Tilde |
153 | \â99 | ⢠| Trademark |
154 | \â9a | Å¡ | s-caron |
155 | \â9b | ⺠| Single right guillemet |
156 | \â9c | Å | oe ligature |
157 | \â9d | Â | Unassigned |
158 | \â9e | ž | z-caron |
159 | \â9f | Ÿ | Y-diaeresis |
(160) | \~ | Â | Nonbreaking space |
161 | \'a1 | ¡ | Inverted exclamation point |
162 | \'a2 | ¢ | Cent sign |
163 | \'a3 | £ | Pound sign |
164 | \'a4 | ¤ | General currency sign |
165 | \'a5 | ¥ | Yen sign |
166 | \'a6 | ¦ | Broken vertical bar |
167 | \'a7 | § | Section sign |
168 | \'a8 | ¨ | Spacing diaeresis |
169 | \'a9 | © | Copyright |
170 | \'aa | ª | Feminine ordinal |
171 | \'ab | « | Left angle quotes |
172 | \'ac | ¬ | Not sign |
173 | \- | (-) | Soft hyphen |
174 | \'ae | ® | Registered trademark |
175 | \'af | ¯ | Macron accent |
176 | \'b0 | ° | Degree sign |
177 | \'b1 | ± | Plus or minus sign |
178 | \'b2 | ² | Superscript 2 |
179 | \'b3 | ³ | Superscript 3 |
180 | \'b4 | ´ | Acute accent |
181 | \'b5 | µ | Micro sign (Greek mu) |
182 | \'b6 | ¶ | Paragraph sign |
183 | \'b7 | · | Middle dot |
184 | \'b8 | ¸ | Cedilla |
185 | \'b9 | ¹ | Superscript 1 |
186 | \'ba | º | Masculine ordinal |
187 | \'bb | » | Right angle quotes |
188 | \'bc | ¼ | One-fourth fraction |
189 | \'bd | ½ | One-half fraction |
190 | \'be | ¾ | Three-fourths fraction |
191 | \'bf | ¿ | Inverted question mark |
192 | \'c0 | Ã | A-grave |
193 | \'c1 | Ã | A-acute |
194 | \'c2 | Ã | A-circumflex |
195 | \'c3 | Ã | A-tilde |
196 | \'c4 | Ã | A-diaeresis |
197 | \'c5 | Ã | A-ring |
198 | \'c6 | Ã | AE-ligature |
199 | \'c7 | Ã | C-cedilla |
200 | \'c8 | Ã | E-grave |
201 | \'c9 | Ã | E-acute |
202 | \'ca | Ã | E-circumflex |
203 | \'cb | Ã | E-diaeresis |
204 | \'cc | Ã | I-grave |
205 | \'cd | Ã | I-acute |
206 | \'ce | Ã | I-circumflex |
207 | \'cf | Ã | I-diaeresis |
208 | \'d0 | Ã | Uppercase edh |
209 | \'d1 | Ã | N-tilde |
210 | \'d2 | Ã | O-grave |
211 | \'d3 | Ã | O-acute |
212 | \'d4 | Ã | O-circumflex |
213 | \'d5 | Ã | O-tilde |
214 | \'d6 | Ã | O-diaeresis |
215 | \'d7 | Ã | Multiply sign |
216 | \'d8 | Ã | O-slash |
217 | \'d9 | Ã | U-grave |
218 | \'da | Ã | U-acute |
219 | \'db | Ã | U-circumflex |
220 | \'dc | Ã | U-diaeresis |
221 | \'dd | Ã | Y-acute |
222 | \'de | Ã | Uppercase thorn |
223 | \'df | Ã | German ess-zed |
224 | \'e0 | Ã | a-grave |
225 | \'e1 | á | a-acute |
226 | \'e2 | â | a-circumflex |
227 | \'e3 | ã | a-tilde |
228 | \'e4 | ä | a-diaeresis |
229 | \'e5 | å | a-ring |
230 | \'e6 | æ | ae-ligature |
231 | \'e7 | ç | c-cedilla |
232 | \'e8 | è | e-grave |
233 | \'e9 | é | e-acute |
234 | \'ea | ê | e-circumflex |
235 | \'eb | ë | e-diaeresis |
236 | \'ec | ì | i-grave |
237 | \'ed | Ã | i-acute |
238 | \'ee | î | i-circumflex |
239 | \'ef | ï | i-diaeresis |
240 | \'f0 | ð | Lowercase edh |
241 | \'f1 | ñ | n-tilde |
242 | \'f2 | ò | o-grave |
243 | \'f3 | ó | o-acute |
244 | \'f4 | ô | o-circumflex |
245 | \'f5 | õ | o-tilde |
246 | \'f6 | ö | o-diaeresis |
\'f7 | ÷ | Division sign | |
248 | \'f8 | ø | o-slash |
249 | \'f9 | ù | u-grave |
250 | \'fa | ú | u-acute |
251 | \'fb | û | u-circumflex |
252 | \'fc | ü | u-diaeresis |
253 | \'fd | ý | y-acute |
254 | \'fe | þ | Lowercase thorn |
255 | \'ff | ÿ | y-diaeresis |
In RTF, use the \lang
thatnumber
command with the appropriate language code to label a piece of text as a particular language; for example, this paragraph in U.S. English (1033) contains a phrase in French (1036):
{\pard\lang1033
It had a certain {\i\lang1036
je ne sais quoi}.\par}
Table 4-2 is a partial list of the most common language numbers. A complete list is located at http://www.unicode.org/unicode/onlinedat/languages.html
Note that the language values are in decimal (as used in RTFâs \lang
thatnumber
command). In most Microsoft documentation, the values are (inconveniently) listed in hexadecimal.
Table 4-2. RTF language codes
Language name | Language code (decimal) |
---|---|
Not in any language | 1024 |
Afrikaans | 1078 |
Arabic | 1025 |
Catalan | 1027 |
Chinese (Traditional) | 1028 |
Chinese (Simplified) | 2052 |
Czech | 1029 |
Danish | 1030 |
Dutch | 1043 |
Dutch (Belgian) | 2067 |
English (U.K.) | 2057 |
English (U.S.) | 1033 |
Finnish | 1035 |
French | 1036 |
French (Belgian) | 2060 |
French (Canadian) | 3084 |
French (Swiss) | 4108 |
German | 1031 |
German (Swiss) | 2055 |
Greek | 1032 |
Hebrew | 1037 |
Hungarian | 1038 |
Icelandic | 1039 |
Indonesian | 1057 |
Italian | 1040 |
Japanese | 1041 |
Korean | 1042 |
Norwegian (Bokmål) | 1044 |
Norwegian (Nynorsk) | 2068 |
Polish | 1045 |
Portuguese | 2070 |
1046 | |
Romanian | 1048 |
Russian | 1049 |
Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic) | 2074 |
Serbo-Croatian (Latin) | 1050 |
Slovak | 1051 |
Spanish (Castilian) | 1034 |
Spanish (Mexican) | 2058 |
Swahili | 1089 |
Swedish | 1053 |
Thai | 1054 |
Turkish | 1055 |
Vietnamese | 1066 |
Measurements in RTF are generally in twips. A twip is a twentieth of a point, i.e., a 1,440th of an inch. It can lead to large numbers sometimes (like \li2160
to set the left indent to an inch and a half), but Table 4-3 should be useful for conversions. Also, see the ruler printed inside the cover of this book.
Conversions between centimeters and anything else are approximate, so figures with a preceding â~â have been rounded.
Table 4-3. Converting to twips
Inches | Twips | Points | Centimeters |
---|---|---|---|
 | 20 tw | 1 pts |  |
 | 40 tw | 2 pts |  |
 | ~57 tw |  | .1 cm |
 | 60 tw | 3 pts |  |
 | 80 tw | 4 pts |  |
1/16â³ | 90 tw | 4.5 pts | Â |
 | 100 tw | 5 pts |  |
 | ~113 tw |  | .2 cm |
1/9â³ | 160 tw | 8 pts | Â |
 | ~170 tw |  | .3 cm |
1/8â³ | 180 tw | 9 pts | Â |
1/7â³ | ~206 tw | ~10.3 pts | Â |
 | ~227 tw |  | .4 cm |
1/6â³ | 240 tw | 12 pts | Â |
3/16â³ | 270 tw | 13.5 pts | Â |
 | ~283 tw |  | .5 cm |
1/5â³ | 288 tw | 14.4 pts | Â |
 | ~340 tw |  | .6 cm |
1/4â³ | 360 tw | 18 pts | Â |
 | ~397 tw |  | .7 cm |
 | ~454 tw |  | .8 cm |
1/3â³ | 480 tw | 24 pts | Â |
 | ~510 tw |  | .9 cm |
 | ~567 tw |  | 1 cm |
1/2â³ | 720 tw | 36 pts | Â |
 | ~850 tw |  | 1.5 cm |
3/4 | 1080 tw | 54 pts | Â |
 | ~1134 tw |  | 2 cm |
1â³ | 1440 tw | 72 pts | Â |
 | ~1701 tw |  | 3 cm |
1.5â³ | 2160 tw | 108 pts | Â |
 | ~2268 tw |  | 4 cm |
 | ~2835 tw |  | 5 cm |
2â³ | 2880 tw | 144 pts | Â |
 | ~3402 tw |  | 6 cm |
2.5â³ | 3600 tw | 180 pts | Â |
3â³ | 4320 tw | 216 pts | Â |
 | ~5669 tw |  | 10 cm |
4â³ | 5760 tw | 288 pts | Â |
5â³ | 7200 tw | 360 pts | Â |
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