April 2015
Intermediate to advanced
372 pages
6h 56m
Chinese
Content preview from SDN: 軟體定義網路
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NVGRE | 195
VM 會為發送方傳回一個單點傳播訊息來回應 ARP，原來的 VTEP 也可以由此學習到目
標位址後進行對應。
當一個 MAC 位址，移動到另外一個實體或虛擬交換機連接埠時（也就是 VM 遷移的時
候），其他 VTEP 透過同樣的學習流程發現它的新位置，再從新的 VTEP 發送的第一個
封包觸發這個學習動作。
從可程式設計性的角度來看，VxLAN 在提供單一介面進行 L2 邏輯網路堆疊程式設計方
面勝出。在虛擬化環境當中，VMware 的 vSphere DVS、vSwitch 和網路 I/O 控制，已經
整合 VxLAN 來控制 VM 和與其相關的頻寬及安全屬性。
NVGRE
前面介紹選擇 VLAN 作為承載網路層時，曾經提到過一些問題，可能會影響大型資料
中心環境下的擴展性，使用「
通用路由封裝網路虛擬化（Network Virtualization using
Generic Routing Encapsulation，NVGRE）
」協定，就是為解決這個問題而發明的。與
VxLAN 機制類似，它採用隧道封裝機制，將 L2 資訊封裝在 L3 封包內，並使用「
通用
路由封裝（Generic Routing Encapsulation，GRE）
」， 在 L3 網路中建立 L2 隧道。在核心
層，NVGRE 只是在 IP 封包中封裝 L2 乙太網路 Frame，這樣就可以建立跨實體 L3 IP
網路的虛擬化 L2 子網路。這個協定的最初規範在 IETF 的 draft-sridharan-V ...
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