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深度学习:核心原理与案例分析
book

深度学习:核心原理与案例分析

by Posts & Telecom Press, Ahmed Menshawy
May 2024
Intermediate to advanced
389 pages
6h 49m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from 深度学习:核心原理与案例分析

第6章 深度前馈神经网络——实现数字分类

前馈神经网络(Feed-forward Neural Network,FNN)是一种特殊类型的神经网络,其中神经元之间的链接/连接不构成环。因此,它与本书后续将要研究的神经网络中的其他结构(如循环类型神经网络)不同。FNN是一种广泛使用的架构,而且它是第一个神经网络,并且是类型最简单的。

本章将会介绍一种典型的FNN架构,并使用TensorFlow的库来实现它。在讲完了这些概念之后,本章会给出一个数字分类的实际例子。这个例子的问题是:给定一组包含手写数字的图像,如何将这些图像分为10个不同的类别(0~9)?

本章将包含以下几个主题。

  • 隐藏单元与架构设计。
  • MNIST数据集分析。
  • 数字分类——构建与训练模型。

在下一节中,我们将会回顾人工神经网络:它可以很好地完成分类任务,比如对手写数字进行分类。

假设现在的网络如图6.1所示。

..\19-0460 图\6-1.tif

图6.1 含有一层隐藏层的简单前馈神经网络

如前所述,该网络中最左边的一层称为输入层,该层内的神经元称为输入神经元,最右边一层称为输出层,它包含了输出神经元。在本例中,输出层只包含单个输出神经元。中间层称为隐藏层,因为该层中的神经元既不是输入,也不是输出。隐藏这个词可能听起来有点神秘——第一次听到这个词的时候,我觉得它一定具有某种深刻的哲理或者数学意义,但事实上它真的表示既不是输入也不是输出,没有什么别的意思。前面这个网络仅仅只有一个隐藏层,但是有些网络有多个隐藏层。例如,图6.2所示这个4层的网络包含两个隐藏层。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781836201212