November 2020
Beginner to intermediate
214 pages
5h 10m
Chinese
Content preview from 数据库可靠性工程：数据库系统设计与运维指南
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运维可见性
｜
55
事件和日志
不止度量值，应该把所有日志发送到合适的事件处理系统（例如
RSyslog
或
Logstash
）中。
这些日志包括内核、定时任务（
cron
）
、身份验证、邮件和普通消息日志，以及特定于进程
或应用程序（例如
MySQL
或
nginx
）的日志。
配置管理系统和资源部署流程都应该向运维可见性平台注册关键事件，可以从如下事件着手：
•
下线某个主机；
•
配置变更；
•
主机重启；
•
服务重启；
•
主机崩溃；
•
服务崩溃。
云和虚拟化系统
对于这些环境，有一些额外的考量项。
成本！使用这些环境是按需付费的，而不是像数据中心环境那样预付费。要选择划算
的方式。性价比很重要。
监控
CPU
时，需要监控“
steal time
”，这是虚拟
CPU
等待实体
CPU
的时间，其间实
体
CPU
用于他处。较高的
steal time
（
10%
或者持续一段时间）意味着环境中有“吵
闹的邻居”。如果所有主机上的
steal time
值都较大，很可能是你自己的问题，你可能
需要扩容或重新平衡。
如果只有一台或者少数主机上的
steal time
较高，这意味着其他租户正在占用资源。此
时最好停掉这台虚拟机，另启一台虚拟机进行替换。将新虚拟机部署在其他地方可以
获得更好的性能。
把这些集成到运维可见性平台，有助于理解主机和操作系统层面正在发生什么。下面研究
数据库本身。
4.8
度量数据存储
对于数据库，需要监控和追踪什么？为什么？这些问题取决于具体的数据存储种类。下面重
点探讨通用领域，但是会足够详细，以便帮助你追踪自己的系统。主要关注如下方面：
•
数据存储连接层； ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.