CHAPTER 1

What is Sound?

CHAPTER CONTENTS

A Vibrating Source

Characteristics of a Sound Wave

How Sound Travels in Air

Simple and Complex Sounds

Frequency Spectra of Repetitive Sounds

Frequency Spectra of Non-repetitive Sounds

Phase

Sound in Electrical Form

Displaying the Characteristics of a Sound Wave

The Decibel

Sound Power and Sound Pressure

Free and Reverberant Fields

Standing Waves

A VIBRATING SOURCE

Sound is produced when an object (the source) vibrates and causes the air around it to move. Consider the sphere shown in Figure 1.1. It is a pulsating sphere which could be imagined as something like a squash ball, and it is pulsating regularly so that its size oscillates between being slightly larger than normal and then slightly smaller than ...

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