UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language, Second Edition
by Martin Fowler, Kendall Scott
Frozen
Frozen is a constraint that the UML defines as applicable to an attribute or an association end, but I find it useful for classes as well.
On an attribute or association end, frozen indicates that the value of that attribute or association end may not change during the lifetime of the source object. The value must be set at object creation and may never change after that. The initial value may be null. Of course, if that's true when the object is constructed, it will be true as long as the object is alive. This implies that there is usually an argument for this value in a constructor and that there is no operation that updates this value.
When applied to a class, frozen indicates that all association ends and attributes associated with ...
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