book

Web Programming and Internet Technologies: An E-Commerce Approach

by Porter Scobey, Pawan Lingras

February 2012

Beginner

550 pages

13h 43m

English

Jones & Bartlett Learning

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Dedication
Preface
Typographic and Other Conventions
1 Setting the Scene
1.1 Overview and Objectives1.2 What Is the Internet?1.3 What Is the World Wide Web (WWW)?1.4 What Is Meant by a Client-Server Architecture?1.5 How Do Web Browsers and Web Servers Fit the Client-Server Model?1.6 How Do Web Browsers and Web Servers Communicate?1.6.1 Web Protocols and Layered Communication Architectures1.6.2 Web Addresses and Address Resolution via DNS1.6.3 URLs, URNs, and URIs1.7 A Real-World E-Commerce Website1.8 What Are the Technologies We Will Discuss?1.9 Summary1.10 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge1.11 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding1.12 Exercises on the Parallel Project1.13 What Else You May Want or Need to Know1.14 References
2 Establishing a Web Presence
2.1 Overview and Objectives2.2 What Is an Internet Service Provider (ISP)?2.3 What Tools Will You Need to Begin Your Web Development?2.4 How Do You Create a Simple, Static Web Page?2.5 How Do You Test a Web Page “Offline” Before “Going Live”?2.6 How Do You “Go Live” on the Web Once You’re Ready?2.7 Summary2.8 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge2.9 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding2.10 Exercises on the Parallel Project2.11 What Else You May Want or Need to Know2.12 References
3 XHTML for Content Structure
3.1 Overview and Objectives3.2 Once There Was HTML, Now There Is XHTML3.3 A Very Important Distinction: Structure vs. Presentation3.4 XHTML Tags and Elements3.5 What Is the Basic Structure of Every Web Page?3.6 Some Basic Markup: Headings, Paragraphs, Line Breaks, and Lists3.7 Tables, Images, and Tag Attributes3.8 XHTML Entities3.9 Adding More Web Pages to Our Site and Connecting Them with Hyperlinks3.9.1 A Menu of Hyperlinks3.9.2 Our Site Now Has Many Pages3.10 Using Server Side Includes (SSI) to Make Common Markup Available to Multiple Documents3.11 What Does It Mean for a Web Page to Be Valid?3.12 How Can We Determine if a Web Page Is Valid?3.13 Summary3.14 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge3.15 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding3.16 Exercises on the Parallel Project3.17 What Else You May Want or Need to Know3.18 References

4 CSS for Content Presentation
4.1 Overview and Objectives4.2 Why CSS?4.3 Simple CSS Style Rules and Their Syntax4.4 Where Do You Place Your CSS Style Rules?4.5 A Simple Example4.6 Some Basic CSS Markup: More on Selectors, Declarations, Properties, and Property Values4.7 Some Common Types of CSS Property Values and Their Formats4.7.1 Specifying Font Sizes and Lengths4.7.2 Specifying Colors4.7.3 The Important Takeaway from This Section4.8 CSS Style Sheet Structure, Comments, and Formatting4.9 The XHTML class and id Attributes and the XHTML div and span Elements4.9.1 The XHTML class and id Attributes (CSS class and id Selectors)4.9.2 The XHTML div and span Elements4.9.3 Using Our Class Definitions4.10 What About the “Cascading” Part of Cascading Style Sheets?4.10.1 Inheritance4.10.2 The “Cascade” and Resolution of Style Conflicts4.10.3 Applying the Theory to Our Example4.11 The CSS Box Model and Simple CSS Page Layout4.11.1 The CSS Box Model4.11.2 Simple CSS Page Layout with float and clear4.12 CSS Reset: A “Best Practice”4.13 Styling Our Nature’s Source Website with CSS4.13.1 First, Our Simple Home Page4.13.2 Second, Our Expanded Site with Its Home Page Menu and Footer and Additional Linked Pages4.14 Validating Our CSS Style Sheets4.15 Summary4.16 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge4.17 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding4.18 Exercises on the Parallel Project4.19 What Else You May Want or Need to Know4.20 References
5 XHTML Forms for Data Collection and Submission
5.1 Overview and Objectives5.2 Forms for Collecting User Input Data in the Browser and Sending It to the Server for Processing5.3 The form Element5.3.1 A Brief Aside, a Reminder, and Some Good Advice5.3.2 How Will We Deal with CSS from Now On?5.4 The input Element5.4.1 Textboxes (input Elements of Type text)5.4.2 Radio Buttons (input Elements of Type radio)5.4.3 Checkboxes (input Elements of Type checkbox)5.5 The select and option Elements for Dropdown List-Boxes5.6 What Is Missing from the BMI Calculator Web Page?5.7 The textarea Element5.8 The submit and reset Button Elements5.9 Organizing Form Controls with the fieldset and legend Elements5.10 Using the label Element for Behind-the-Scenes Logical Groupings5.11 Getting Ready to Submit Your Form Data5.12 Summary5.13 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge5.14 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding5.15 Exercises on the Parallel Project5.16 What Else You May Want or Need to Know5.17 References
6 JavaScript for Client-Side Computation and Data Validation
6.1 Overview and Objectives6.2 Another Important Distinction: Structure vs. Presentation vs. Behavior6.3 What Is JavaScript? (It’s not Java!)6.3.1 JavaScript Is Interpreted, Not Compiled6.3.2 Restrictions on What JavaScript Can Do6.3.3 How Will We Use JavaScript?6.4 A Simple JavaScript Example: User Notification with an Embedded Script6.5 Where Do You Place Your JavaScript Code?6.5.1 The Simple Example Revisited: Linking to an External Script6.5.2 User Notification Revisited: The alert() Method6.5.3 JavaScript Escape Characters6.6 What Is the Document Object Model (DOM)?6.7 How Do JavaScript and the DOM Interact?6.7.1 A First Programmer-Defined JavaScript Function6.7.2 JavaScript Variables6.7.3 Accessing a DOM Element via Its id Attribute6.7.4 Making Decisions with the JavaScript if-else Statement6.7.5 Accessing a DOM Element via Its name Attribute6.8 The Importance of Website Security6.9 How Can JavaScript Help Address the Security Issue?6.9.1 A First Look at JavaScript Arrays (in the Context of the DOM)6.9.2 Accessing DOM Elements for the Purpose of Validating User Input6.9.3 Evaluating Compound Boolean Expressions6.9.4 Functions for Validating Numerical Input6.9.5 Functions for Validating String Input: A First Look at Regular Expressions in JavaScript6.10 Calculating the BMI: Numerical Calculations in JavaScript6.11 JavaScript and Regular Expressions6.12 Summary6.13 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge6.14 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding6.15 Exercises on the Parallel Project6.16 What Else You May Want or Need to Know6.17 References
7 JavaScript for Client-Side Content Behavior
7.1 Overview and Objectives7.2 A Revised Home Page with a “Slide Show” of Rotating Images and Dropdown Menu Options7.3 Implementing Our “Slide Show” of Rotating Images7.3.1 The onload Attribute of the body Element: Starting the Slide Show When the Home Page Loads7.3.2 The Revised img Element for the Slide Show7.3.3 The rotate.js Script7.4 Implementing Our Dropdown Menus7.4.1 An Overview of How Our Dropdown Menus Work7.4.2 The onmouseover and onmouseout Attributes: Showing and Hiding Dropdown Menu Options7.4.3 The CSS for Our Dropdown Menus7.4.4 The JavaScript for Our Dropdown Menus: The show() and hide() Functions7.5 The Footer Menu7.6 Notes on the nature2 Version of Our Nature’s Source Site7.7 Summary7.8 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge7.9 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding7.10 Exercises on the Parallel Project7.11 What Else You May Want or Need to Know7.12 References
8 PHP for Server-Side Preprocessing
8.1 Overview and Objectives8.2 Some PHP History8.3 PHP as a Server-Side Scripting Language8.4 PHP Script Structure and General Syntax: A Simple Example8.4.1 The PHP date() Function8.4.2 Generating and Displaying the Output from welcome.php8.5 PHP Development and Testing8.6 Incorporating the Welcome Message into Our Home Page8.6.1 Refreshing a Page to Keep the Time Current8.7 Implementing the Server-Side Functionality of Our Feedback Form8.7.1 What Happens When the User Clicks Send Feedback8.7.2 Uploading the Feedback Form Data from the Client to the Server8.7.3 An Overview of the PHP Code that Processes the Feedback Form Data8.7.4 Building the Feedback Message to the Business with PHP String Literals and the $_POST Array Values8.7.5 Sending the Feedback Message to the Business with PHP’s mail() Function8.7.6 Modifying the Previous Message to the Business to Get One Suitable for the Client8.7.7 Sending the Confirmation Message to the Client with mail()8.7.8 Returning the Browser Display for Immediate Confirmation of Feedback Submission to the User8.7.9 Saving the User’s Feedback on the Server with PHP File Output8.8 Revising the Implementation of Our BMI Calculator8.8.1 What Happens When the User Clicks Compute your BMI8.8.2 Uploading the BMI Form Data from the Client to the Server8.8.3 An Overview of the PHP Code that Processes the BMI Form Data8.8.4 Building the BMI Report Message with Programmer-Defined PHP Functions8.8.5 Computing the BMI Value: Numerical Computations in PHP and More Programmer-Defined Functions8.8.6 Building and Sending an XHTML-Encoded E-mail BMI Report to the User with Another Programmer-Defined Function8.9 Summary8.10 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge8.11 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding8.12 Exercises on the Parallel Project8.13 What Else You May Want or Need to Know8.14 References
9 MySQL for Server-Side Data Storage
9.1 Overview and Objectives9.2 Relational Databases9.3 Database Design Goals9.4 Some Architectural Aspects of a “Good” Database9.4.1 Database Normalization9.4.2 Database Keys: Primary and Foreign, Natural and Surrogate, Simple and Composite9.4.3 Functional Dependencies and 2NF9.4.4 Table Relationships in a Database9.4.5 Some General Advice9.5 Make Use of Online Resources and Don’t Reinvent the Wheel9.6 The Data Model for Our Nature’s Source Database9.7 Using SQL and phpMyAdmin to Set Up the MySQL Database9.7.1 The CREATE Command9.7.2 The ALTER Command9.7.3 The DROP Command9.7.4 The INSERT Command9.7.5 The LOAD Command9.7.6 The UPDATE Command9.7.7 A First Look at the SELECT Command9.7.8 The DELETE Command9.7.9 The TRUNCATE Command9.7.10 Inventory Management Systems9.8 MySQL’s Command-Line Interface9.8.1 A First Session with the Command-Line Interface9.8.2 A Closer Look at the SELECT Command9.8.3 Restricting the Set of Records from which We Retrieve Our Data9.8.4 Retrieving Data from More than One Table9.9 Importing and Exporting Tables and Databases9.9.1 Copying a Table9.9.2 Copying an Entire Database9.9.3 Potential Problem with Importing via phpMyAdmin9.10 Summary9.11 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge9.12 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding9.13 Exercises on the Parallel Project9.14 What Else You May Want or Need to Know9.15 References
10 PHP and MySQL for Client-Server Database Interaction
10.1 Overview and Objectives10.2 PHP and MySQL10.3 Registration10.3.1 Getting Valid Data from the User via the Registration Form10.3.2 Submitting the Form Data: Possible Outcomes10.3.3 Actual Processing of the Registration, with Valid Form Data10.4 Logging In and Logging Out10.4.1 PHP Arrays: We Need to Know More about Them10.4.2 Logging In: The Logic of login.php10.4.3 Logging Out: The Logic of logout.php10.5 An E-Store Session After a Successful Login10.6 Browsing Our E-Store Product Catalog10.6.1 Displaying a Two-Column List of Products10.6.2 Displaying Individual Products within a Category10.7 Purchasing Products10.7.1 A High-Level View of the processPurchase.php Script10.7.2 Recalling the Relevant Tables in Our Database Structure10.7.3 Getting the Product Details of an Existing Order with the getExistingOrder() Function10.7.4 Creating a New Order with the createOrder() Function10.7.5 Displaying the Header and Footer of the Shopping Cart Table with the displayHeader() and displayFooter() Functions10.7.6 Displaying the Product Information in the Shopping Cart with the displayFirstFourColumns(), displayExistingItem(), and displayNewItem() Functions10.7.7 Adding an Item to the Shopping Cart10.7.8 Deleting an Item from the Shopping Cart10.8 Checkout10.9 Summary10.10 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge10.11 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding10.12 Exercises on the Parallel Project10.13 What Else You May Want or Need to Know10.14 References
11 XML (eXtensible Markup Language) for Data Description
11.1 Overview and Objectives11.2 The Basic Rules of XML11.3 Describing Our Data with Well-Formed XML11.3.1 Nested Elements vs. Tag Attributes11.3.2 And What Does it Mean for Our XML to Be “Well-Formed”?11.4 Viewing Our Raw (Unstyled) XML Data in a Browser11.4.1 What Happens if Our XML Document Is Not Well-Formed?11.5 Validating Our XML Data with a Document Type Definition11.5.1 Connecting an XML Document to Its DTD: DOCTYPE Revisited11.5.2 A Simple DTD Anatomy Lesson11.5.3 More DTD Anatomy11.5.4 Do You Really Need a DTD for Your XML Document?11.5.5 Validating Your XML Document Against Your DTD, if You Have One11.6 Styling Our XML Data with CSS11.7 Isolating Our XML Tag Sets within XML Namespaces11.8 Transforming Our XML Data with XSL, XSLT, and XPath11.8.1 How Does XSLT Compare with CSS for Styling?11.8.2 Our Example in Detail: How Does XSLT Use XML Namespaces and XPath to Do Its Job?11.9 Summary11.10 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge11.11 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding11.12 Exercises on the Parallel Project11.13 What Else You May Want or Need to Know11.14 References
12 Collecting, Analyzing, and Using Visitor Data
12.1 Overview and Objectives12.2 Web-Server Access Logs12.2.1 Format of Web-Server Access Logs12.2.2 An Extended Log-File Format12.2.3 An Example: Apache Web-Server Access Log Entries12.3 Analysis of Web-Server Access Logs12.3.1 Summarization of Web-Server Access Logs Using Analog12.3.2 Clickstream Analysis: Studying Navigation Paths with Pathalizer12.3.3 Visualizing Individual User Sessions with StatViz12.4 Caution in Interpreting Web-Server Access Logs12.5 Summary12.6 Quick Questions to Test Your Basic Knowledge12.7 Short Exercises to Improve Your Basic Understanding12.8 Exercises on the Parallel Project12.9 What Else You Might Want or Need to Know12.10 References
List of Figures
Index
Credits

Content preview from Web Programming and Internet Technologies: An E-Commerce Approach

Preface

Web Programming and Internet Technologies: An E-Commerce Approach is designed to be used as a textbook for first or second year Computer Science or Information Technology courses. It can also be used for independent study by anyone interested in getting a broad introduction to a useful subset of the many technologies commonly used to develop commercial and recreational websites.

It is the authors’ hope (and belief) that if a student exercises due diligence by working through all of the questions, exercises, and other activities that this book provides, he or she will be well on the way to becoming a competent web developer. Because such a diverse set of technologies is required to create anything beyond a trivial website, it is not possible ...

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Web Programming and Internet Technologies: An E-Commerce Approach

by Porter Scobey, Pawan Lingras

Preface

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.