March 2017
Intermediate to advanced
262 pages
5h 26m
Chinese
Content preview from 物联网设备安全
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154
｜
第
6
章
本章，我们将看一看远程访问和远程控制汽车意味着什么。不同于其他设备，汽车互联
能提供重要的安全功能——与此同时，安全漏洞会致人死亡。我们在分析联网汽车的过
程中，首先考察一个低频的无线系统，然后评述一下学术界的权威专家对此开展的广泛
研究。最后，我们将分析探讨在特斯拉
S
型轿车上能找到的相关功能，也包括探讨提高
汽车安全性的可能途径。
6.1
轮胎压力监测系统
福特探险者（
Ford Explorer
）汽车在
1990
年
3
月首次发售。据称，福特的工程师在
大规模投产前建议修改汽车的设计，因为它曾在测试中翻车。这些车都装有费尔斯通
（
Firestone
）生产的轮胎。装备了费尔斯通轮胎的福特探险者汽车最终导致了涉及
174
人死亡和超过
700
人受伤的多起事故。对此，费尔斯通召回了轮胎。结果成了一个指责
游戏：福特被指控出售有已知的安全隐患的汽车，而福特则指控费尔斯通生产有缺陷的
轮胎（缺陷包括“胎面分离”，会导致轮胎解体，汽车稳定性下降）。
这场争论导致联邦法律在
2000
年制定了强化交通工具召回责任和文件法案（
TREAD
）。
该法案规定使用合适的轮胎压力监测系统（
TPMS
）监测轮胎中的空气压力，并在有任
何情况时向驾驶员报告，比如轮胎压力过低。
福特
/
费尔斯通事件导致近两百人死亡。由此，我们很容易推断出不适当的轮胎压力会
导致每天大量的死亡事件发生。所以很明显，设计良好的轮胎压力监测系统非常重要。
该系统应当能向驾驶员报告轮胎压力过低的情况，并且不容易受其他因素影响，如系统
显示轮胎压力过低的警告，而实际轮胎压力却在正常范围内 ...
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