CHAPTER 2EM IMAGING
This chapter reviews the fundamentals of electromagnetic (EM) imaging and considers the possibility of EM-imaging technique as data encoding approach in chipless radiofrequency identification (RFID) systems. The resolution of EM image is fully investigated and related to the technical parameters of the imaging device with a specific discussion for tag applications. The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique is then introduced as an almost mandatory approach to many EM-imaging applications. The usage of EM imaging in different applications is briefly introduced with a short description of the technical characteristics of each. Finally, it concludes that the EM-imaging technique is technically applicable for content coding in a chipless RFID system.
2.1 EM-IMAGING FUNDAMENTALS
The ultimate goal of imaging is to gain information about an object through its image. Basic radar system and optical imaging device may define the two extents of imaging. With a radar, the main emphasis is to detect the presence of the target based on its reflected energy. Hence, a point on the radar display that is corresponding to a specific target may be interpreted as the target image though it provides minimum information about the target. On the other hand, a camera as an optical imaging system provides much more detailed information about the target than the radar system. Figure 2.1 figuratively compares a radar system and a camera as more advanced imaging system. Therefore, ...
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