## 6.7. Simulation of MHD CuO–water nanofluid flow and convective heat transfer considering Lorentz forces

### 6.7.1. Problem definition

The numerical model consists in a two-dimensional square cavity with side equal to H which represents the characteristic dimension of the problem (Fig. 6.39A) [14]. The heat source is centrally located on the bottom surface and its length 1 varied from 2/5 to 4/5 of H; the ratio 1/H is called ɛ. The cooling is achieved by the two vertical walls. The heat source has a temperature Th, while the cooling walls have a temperature Tc; all the other surfaces are adiabatic (Th > Tc). Also, it is also assumed that the uniform magnetic field ($Math Equation$) of constant magnitude $Math Equation$ is applied, where $Math Equation$ and $Math Equation$ are unit ...

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