September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
552 pages
16h 34m
Spanish
Content preview from Aprender Java, 6ª Edición
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Capítulo 12. Aplicaciones de escritorio
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Java saltó a la fama y a la gloria gracias al poder de los applets: elementos interactivos sorprendentes en una página web. Suena mundano hoy en día, pero en su momento fue una maravilla. Java también tenía soporte multiplataforma en la manga y podía ejecutar el mismo código en sistemas Windows, Unix y macOS. Los primeros JDK tenían un conjunto rudimentario de componentes gráficos conocidos colectivamente como Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT). Lo "abstracto" en AWT proviene del uso de clases comunes (Button, Window, etc.) con implementaciones nativas. Tú escribes aplicaciones AWT con código abstracto multiplataforma; tu ordenador ejecuta tu aplicación y proporciona componentes nativos concretos.
Por desgracia, esa ingeniosa combinación de abstracto y nativo conlleva algunas limitaciones bastante serias. En el ámbito abstracto, te encuentras con diseños de "mínimo común denominador" que sólo te dan acceso a funciones disponibles en todas las plataformas soportadas por el JDK. En las implementaciones nativas, incluso algunas funciones disponibles aproximadamente en todas partes eran claramente diferentes cuando se representaban realmente en la pantalla. Muchos desarrolladores de escritorio que trabajaban con Java en aquellos primeros días bromeaban diciendo que el eslogan "escribe una vez, ejecuta en todas partes" era en realidad ...
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