7.1 What is Natural Language Processing?7.2 Everyday NLP Examples7.3 Chatbot7.3.1 Open and Closed Chatbots7.3.2 Uses of Chatbots7.3.3 How a Chatbot Works?7.3.4 Types of Chatbots7.4 How Does Natural Language Processing Work?7.5 Components of NLP7.6 Steps in NLPNLP, AI, Machine Learning: What’s the Difference?7.7 Phases of NLPData Pre-ProcessingData Processing7.8 Syntax vs Semantic Analysis7.9 Applications of Natural Language Processing7.10 Pros and Cons of Natural Language ProcessingLimitations of NLP SystemsChallenges7.11 Evolution of Natural Language Processing7.12 Handling Ambiguities7.12.1 Techniques of Ambiguity Resolution7.13 The NLP Model of Perception7.13.1 NLP Communication Model7.13.2 The Five Perceptual Positions7.14 Constituency Grammar7.15 Context-Free Grammar7.15.1 Derivations7.15.2 Using Nominals in CFG7.15.3 Uses of CFG7.15.4 Types of Derivation7.15.5 Parse Tree7.15.6 Ambiguity in CFG7.15.7 Parser7.16 Speech Recognition7.16.1 How Does Speech Recognition Work?7.16.2 Applications of Speech Recognition7.16.3 Algorithms for Speech Recognition7.16.4 Advantages of Speech Recognition7.16.5 Disadvantages of Speech RecognitionProgrammer’s ZoneKey TermsRecapitulation PointsReview QuestionsFill UpState True or FalseMultiple Choice QuestionsAnswers