Biological and Medical Sensor Technologies

3 Label-Free Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

The Potential of Integrated Optical Biosensors and Silicon Photonics

Jeffrey W. Chamberlain and Daniel M. Ratner

CONTENTS

3.1     Introduction

3.1.1     Desired Biosensor Characteristics

3.1.1.1     Sensitivity and Selectivity

3.1.1.2     Label Free

3.1.1.3     Multiplexing

3.1.2     General Label-Free Biosensor Setup and Operation

3.2     Toward Fully Integrated Biosensors

3.2.1     Silicon Photonics for Device Integration

3.2.1.1     Note on Classification

3.2.1.2     Why Silicon?

3.2.1.3     Waveguides: Fabrication and Basic Principles

3.3     Label-Free Biosensors

3.3.1     Electrochemical Biosensors

3.3.1.1     Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy with Microelectrodes

3.3.1.2     Nano Field ...